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目的了解私营企业工人对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率,探索有效的艾滋病健康教育方法并评价其效果。方法在南京、苏州、常州、扬州4个城市中,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取江苏省工商局直属的8家私营企业的1344名员工进行艾滋病知识基线调查,随后开展多种干预活动普及艾滋病知识,干预后再用相同的问卷对1306人进行评估。结果干预后与干预前相比,工人对艾滋病性传播途径的知晓率从77.23%提高到89.84%,对共用牙刷剃须刀能传播艾滋病的知晓率从53.58%提高到70.85%;对蚊虫叮咬和礼节性接吻不传播艾滋病的知晓率分别从33.64%和53.35%提高到81.01%和82.62%。认为艾滋病患者应被隔离的持有率从62.54%降低到43.95%,认为艾滋病患者能结婚的持有率从50.31%提高到64.15%;反对婚前性行为和婚外情的比例分别从42.77%和71.69%提高到58.91%和77.05%。结论通过健康教育,私营企业工人对艾滋病传播途径和非传播途径的知晓率明显提高,对艾滋病患者仍存在着一定的歧视心理。
Objective To understand the awareness of AIDS related knowledge among private enterprise workers, explore effective AIDS health education methods and evaluate their effectiveness. Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was used in four cities of Nanjing, Suzhou, Changzhou and Yangzhou. A total of 1344 employees from eight privately-owned enterprises directly subordinated to the Industrial and Commercial Bureau of Jiangsu Province were selected to conduct AIDS knowledge baseline surveys, followed by various interventions. AIDS knowledge, after the intervention, the same questionnaire was used to evaluate 1,306 people. Results After the intervention, compared with the pre-intervention, the awareness rate of workers for AIDS sexual transmission increased from 77.23% to 89.84%, and the awareness rate of shared toothbrush razors to spread AIDS increased from 53.58% to 70.85%; for mosquito bites and The awareness rate of ritual kissing not spreading AIDS increased from 33.64% and 53.35% to 81.01% and 82.62% respectively. It is believed that the holding rate of AIDS patients should be segregated from 62.54% to 43.95%, and the holding rate of AIDS patients can be increased from 50.31% to 64.15%; the proportion of people who oppose premarital sex and extramarital affairs is from 42.77% and 71.69% respectively. Increased to 58.91% and 77.05%. Conclusion Through health education, private enterprise workers’ awareness rate of AIDS transmission routes and non-transmission routes has been significantly improved, and there is still a certain degree of discrimination against AIDS patients.