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世纪中国发展面临能源挑战 20世纪后20多年里,中国的能源系统支持了中国社会和经济的快速发展,但在21世纪前30年中国的发展面临能源严峻的挑战。经济发展面临能源挑战 1993年以前,中国能源系统是建立在自给自足的基础上的,1993年成为石油净进口国家,石油净进口量1109.2万吨,占当年石油消费量的8.02%。以后各年石油进口量逐年加大,2000年石油净进口量6974万吨,已占当年石油消费量的33%。在21世纪前30年正是中国工业化迅速发展时期,对能源的需求将相应的大幅度增加,尤其是对石油的需求。据有关预测显示,2010年石油需求量为2.6亿吨,国内产量预计1.65亿吨,缺口
The Development of China in the 21st Century Faces Energy Challenges In the 20 years after the 20th century, China’s energy system supported the rapid social and economic development in China. However, in the first 30 years of the 21st century, China’s development was facing a severe energy challenge. Economic Development Facing Energy Challenges Before 1993, China’s energy system was based on self-sufficiency. In 1993, China’s energy system became a net oil-importing country with a net oil imports of 11,092,000 tons, accounting for 8.02% of that year’s oil consumption. In the following years, the oil imports have been increasing year by year. In 2000, the net oil imports were 69.74 million tons, accounting for 33% of that year’s oil consumption. In the first 30 years of the 21st century, which was the period of rapid industrialization in China, the demand for energy increased correspondingly, especially for oil. According to relevant forecasts, the demand for oil in 2010 is 260 million tons and the domestic output is estimated at 165 million tons. The gap