世界上的产品与劳务大致可以分为两类:其一,由企业等以营利为目的的基本经济单位所提供的产品与劳务,被称为私人产品,因而只能通过市场交换去取得。其二,由政府等以非营利为目的的机构或社会组织所提供的产品与劳务,被称为公共物品,因而只能通过非市场的方式去取得。与私人物品 The world’s goods and services can be broadly divided into two categories: First, the products and services provided by basic economic units such as enterprises for profit-making are called private products and therefore can only be obtained through market exchange. Second, products and services provided by institutions such as the government or non-profit organizations or social organizations are called public goods and therefore can only be obtained through non-market means. With personal belongings