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目的探讨不同粒径纳米二氧化硅与微米二氧化硅对雄性大鼠的生殖毒性效应。方法将104只健康SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为13组,分别为对照(生理盐水)组和低(1.5 mg/kg)、中(4.5 mg/kg)、高剂量(13.5 mg/kg)20、60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅及微米二氧化硅染毒组,每组8只。采用非暴露气管插管直接滴注法进行染毒,隔日染毒1次,共染毒6周。检测大鼠睾丸内睾酮(T)含量及附睾精子数量、精子存活率和精子畸形率。结果与对照组比较,各剂量20、60 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组及4.5、13.5 mg/kg的100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠T分泌量均降低(P<0.05),13.5 mg/kg的20 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠T分泌量低于相同浓度的100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组(P<0.05),各剂量微米二氧化硅染毒大鼠睾丸T分泌量无明显变化(P>0.05);4.5、13.5 mg/kg的20 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组和13.5 mg/kg的60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅及13.5 mg/kg的微米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠的精子数、精子存活率均降低(P<0.05),4.5、13.5 mg/kg的20、60、100 nm纳米二氧化硅染毒组大鼠的精子畸形率升高(P<0.05),各剂量微米二氧化硅染毒大鼠精子畸形率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论纳米二氧化硅及微米二氧化硅均对雄性大鼠具有生殖毒性,且纳米二氧化硅的生殖毒性效应明显强于微米二氧化硅;纳米二氧化硅的粒径越小,生殖毒性效应愈强。
Objective To investigate the reproductive toxicity effects of nano-sized silica and micronized silica on male rats. Methods Totally 104 healthy SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 13 groups: control (saline) 20, 60, 100 nm nano-silica and micro-silica exposure group, 8 in each group. The use of non-exposed endotracheal intubation direct instillation, the next day exposure to a total of 6 weeks. The contents of testosterone (T) and epididymal sperm count, sperm survival rate and sperm deformity in testis were detected. Results Compared with the control group, the T secretion of 20, 60 nm nano-silica groups and 4.5, 13.5 mg / kg 100 nm nano-silica groups were all decreased (P <0.05) The T secretion of rats exposed to 20 nm nano-silica at mg / kg was lower than that of the 100 nm nano-silica treated rats at the same concentration (P <0.05). The doses of micronized silica in testis T (P> 0.05); 4.5, 13.5 mg / kg 20 nm nano-silica exposure group and 13.5 mg / kg of 60,100 nm nano-silica and 13.5 mg / kg micron dioxide The number of sperm and the survival rate of sperm in the silicon-exposed rats decreased (P <0.05), and the sperm deformity rates increased in 4.5, 13.5 mg / kg 20,60,100 nm nano-silica groups P <0.05). The sperm deformity rate of rats exposed to micronized silica did not change significantly (P> 0.05). Conclusion Both nano-silica and micronized silica have reproductive toxicity to male rats, and the reproductive toxicity of nano-silica is obviously stronger than that of micro-silica. The smaller the particle size of nano-silica, the more reproductive toxicity effect Strong.