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目的分析舟山市2010—2012年手足口病月发病情况,比较手足口病发病季节趋势并探讨高峰变化原因。方法用圆形分布法分析手足口病发病高峰日期,分别用Watson-William法和Watson’s U2法对3年发病高峰进行比较。采用卡方检验分析不同亚型病原体分布,用Bonferroni法进行两两比较。结果舟山市2010—2012年手足口病发病均存在季节性集中趋势(P<0.01),5月8日—9月1日是疫情高峰期;3年间发病高峰时间不尽相同(P<0.01),2012年发病高峰时间早于2010年及2011年(P<0.01)。2010—2012年报告356例实验室诊断病例,病原体分布各年不同(P<0.01),其中2010年、2011年以EV 71病毒为主,分别占58.46%、64.62%;而2012年以其他肠道病毒为主,占48.84%;两两比较表明,2010年、2011年分别与2012年病原体构成不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论舟山市手足口病发生有明显的季节高峰,病原体优势毒株发生变化,由EV 71转变为其他肠道病毒。
Objective To analyze the monthly incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhoushan City from 2010 to 2012 and compare the seasonal trend of hand-foot-mouth disease onset with the reason of peak change. Methods The peak distribution of hand-foot-mouth disease was analyzed by circular distribution method. The three-year incidence peak was compared by Watson-William method and Watson’s U2 method respectively. The distribution of pathogens in different subtypes was analyzed by chi-square test and any pairwise comparisons were made by Bonferroni method. Results The incidence of HFMD in Zhoushan from 2010 to 2012 was seasonal (P <0.01), and peak from May 8 to September 1 was peak. The peak incidence of HFMD in 3 years was different (P <0.01) The peak incidence in 2012 was earlier than that in 2010 and 2011 (P <0.01). In 2010 and 2012, 356 cases of laboratory diagnosis were reported, and the distribution of pathogens was different from year to year (P <0.01). Among them, EV 71 virus was the most frequently reported in 2010 and 2012, accounting for 58.46% and 64.62% respectively; while in 2012, Which accounted for 48.84% of the total. The comparison showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.01) between the pathogen composition in 2012 and 2011 in 2010 and 2011 respectively. Conclusion There was a clear seasonal peak in hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhoushan City. The dominant strains of pathogens changed from EV 71 to other enteroviruses.