生物传感器是在生命科学、材料科学融合的基础上形成的一项新技术。因其具有快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、可实现实时检测、在线检测等优点,逐渐成为研究的热点并在更多的领域得到应用。在此主要从生物传感器的原理和分类,及其在食品安全、环境监测、医药、病原菌检测等领域的应用等方面进行介绍,并对其发展的前景进行展望。 Biosensors form a new technology based on the fusion of life science and materials science. Because of its rapid, high sensitivity, specificity, real-time detection, online detection and other advantages, has gradually become a research hotspot and applied in more fields. Here we mainly introduce the principle and classification of biosensors and their application in the fields of food safety, environmental monitoring, medicine, pathogen detection and so on, and prospect their development prospects.