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从Ｈｂ＜１２０ｇ／Ｌ，ＦＥＰ＞５００μｇ／Ｌ，ＳＦ＜１６μｇ／Ｌ及补铁后Ｈｂ升高１０ｇ／Ｌ四项指标任选三项为ＩＤＡ诊断指标，以武汉市市郊７～１２岁儿童１１６０人为研究对象，共筛查出ＩＤＡ患者２６９人，并以配对的方法随机抽取７０名分为缺铁补铁组（另补铁１０ｍｇ、ＶＣ５０ｍｇ）和缺铁组（即安慰剂组，不含铁及ＶＣ），另设正常对照组３０人，连续３个月。观察补铁前后各组Ｈｂ、ＦＥＰ、ＳＦ、智商（ＩＱ）、脑事件相关电位（ＥＲＰｓ）中Ｎ１、Ｐ２、Ｎ２、Ｐ３四成分的变化情况。结果表明，经３个月补铁，缺铁补铁组各项指标均恢复正常，与正常对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。缺铁补铁组智商的变化主要表现在视觉记忆（Ｐ＜０．０１）、有意义记忆、语言推理及数量推理（Ｐ＜０．０５）等四方面有明显改善；脑事件相关电位的变化主要是Ｎ１和Ｐ３两成分的潜伏期明显缩短（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明，铁缺乏对儿童智力及脑功能存在明显影响，但经３个月补铁后能恢复正常。
From the four indexes of Hb <120g / L, FEP> 500μg / L, SF <16μg / L and iron supplement Hb 10g / L, three items were selected as diagnostic indicators of IDA. Artificial subjects, a total of 269 IDA patients were screened, and the method of paired randomly selected 70 were divided into iron deficiency iron supplementation (iron supplementation 10mg, VC50mg) and iron deficiency group (ie placebo group, without iron And VC), another set of normal control group of 30 people, for 3 months. The changes of four components of Hb, FEP, SF, IQ and ERPs in each group before and after iron supplementation were observed. The results showed that after 3 months of iron supplementation, the indexes of iron deficiency and iron supplement returned to normal, no significant difference compared with the normal control group (P> 0.05). The changes of IQ in iron-deficient iron-supplemented group were significantly improved in visual memory (P <0.01), meaningful memory, verbal reasoning and quantitative reasoning (P <0.05) Mainly N1 and P3 two components of the incubation period was significantly shorter (P <0.05 and P <0.01). The results showed that iron deficiency had a significant effect on children’s intelligence and brain function, but returned to normal after 3 months of iron supplementation.