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应用INSTRON刚性伺服试验机对不同灰砂比的充填体进行了劈拉试验,测得荷载-位移和应力-应变全曲线.结合测得的力学参数计算出相关能量耗散特征参数,分析了不同情况下破坏过程的能量耗散变化规律,并通过数据统计回归建立了各种能量耗散指标与其影响因素的函数关系.实验结果显示:充填体只需吸收极少能量即可满足拉伸破坏所需,拉伸破坏是影响充填体断裂性质的主导因素.为防止充填体处于受拉环境,在矿房回采时应采用边孔控制爆破和不耦合装药,优化爆轰波破岩途径,减少欠挖超挖,保证矿柱形态规整,使充填体处于非拉区域以改善其受力状况;同时在矿房充填时应对需布设工程或应力集中区域等关键部位适当加大灰砂比,以增强充填体吸收破坏能量的能力.
The INSTRON rigid servo test machine was used to splice the different fillers of sand and sand, and the whole curves of load-displacement and stress-strain were measured.Combined with the measured mechanical parameters, the relevant energy dissipation parameters were calculated, The energy dissipation law of the destruction process is established, and the functional relationship between various energy dissipation indexes and their influencing factors is established through the statistical regression of data.The experimental results show that the filling body can meet the tensile failure by absorbing only a little energy In order to prevent the filling body from being in a tensioned environment, side hole controlled blasting and uncoupled charge should be adopted in the mining house to optimize the way of detonation wave breaking rock and reduce Under excavation and over excavation, to ensure regular pillar shape, the filling body in the non-pull area to improve its stress conditions; at the same time filling in the mine to deal with the need to lay the project or stress-concentration areas such as key areas appropriate to increase the ratio of lime to Enhance the body’s ability to absorb energy.