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在中国文学的近代变革中,西方文化的强力介入是一个直接诱因和不可或缺的异质文化资源。西方来华传教士用中文撰写或译述了大量小说,意在宣教,却同时也将西方的文学及其文学技巧引入中国。这些作品呈现出中西调和的文学形态,对中国文化及章回小说的文学传统欲拒还迎,以中国文学形式阐释西方宗教。传教士汉文小说在现代白话文写作方面表现出了超前性和前瞻性,后人关于白话的许多重要认识与变革在其中已显露端倪。19世纪中叶后,传教士加强了儿童文学的创作与翻译,颠覆了传统的童蒙教育,对中国儿童文学的萌蘖有筚路蓝缕之功。
In the modern changes of Chinese literature, the strong intervention of Western culture is a direct inducement and an indispensable heterogeneous cultural resource. Western missionaries in China wrote or translated a large number of Chinese novels, intended to teach, but at the same time also brought Western literature and literary skills to China. These works show the reconciliation of Chinese and Western literature, refusing to meet the literary tradition of Chinese culture and chapter novels and interpreting Western religions in the form of Chinese literature. The preacher Chinese novels showed their foresight and forward-lookingness in modern vernacular Chinese writing. Many important descendants’ cognitions and changes in the vernacular have already been revealed. After the mid-19th century, missionaries strengthened the creation and translation of children’s literature, subverting the traditional education of children and children, and made great achievements in the sprout of Chinese children’s literature.