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贵州半坡锑矿床是我国华南锑成矿带独山锑矿田唯一探明的大型锑矿床,目前对其成矿流体来源还存在很大争论,严重制约了成矿和找矿模型的建立。本文通过对矿床主要脉石矿物方解石的REE组成研究,结合与矿区近矿围岩和不同时代地层REE对比,探讨了矿床成矿流体来源及演化。研究表明:矿区不同产状与矿化有关方解石REE含量范围相近,明显亏损LREE、富集HREE,REE配分模式均为相似的MREE(Sm-Ho)富集型,认为属同源成矿流体不同演化阶段的产物;矿床中方解石除REE含量相对较高外,REE配分模式及相关参数与碳酸盐和沉积岩淋滤液相似,认为成矿流体以淋滤矿区地层的壳源流体为主,同时不排除少量地幔流体参与成矿流体的可能性;矿区方解石的REE地球化学特征不仅指示区域大规模流体运移对成矿的制约作用,而且是重要的找矿标志之一。
The Banpo antimony deposit in Guizhou is the only proven large-scale antimony deposit in the Dushan antimony orefield in southern China’s antimony metallogenic belt. At present, there are still many controversies about the source of ore-forming fluid, which seriously hinders the establishment of metallogenic and prospecting models. Based on the study of the REE composition of calcite, the main gangue mineral in the deposit, the source and evolution of ore-forming fluids are discussed in combination with the ore-bearing rock near the mine and the REE of different age strata. The results show that the REE contents of calcite related to mineralization are similar in different occurrences and mineralizations of mine area, obvious depletion of LREE, enrichment of HREE and REE are similar MREE (Sm-Ho) enrichment patterns, and belong to the same ore-forming fluids Evolution of the product; the calcite in the deposit except REE content is relatively high, the pattern of REE and related parameters and carbonate and sedimentary leachate similar, that the ore-forming fluid leaching ore strata in the main source of fluid, while not Excluding the possibility of a small amount of mantle fluid participating in the ore-forming fluid. The REE geochemical characteristics of the calcite in the mining area not only indicate the restriction of large-scale fluid migration in the area but also are one of the important ore prospecting indicators.