目的　研究 90年代初我国第一个核电站商业运行前我国居民经食物、饮水和空气途径的年氚摄入量和氚致待积有效剂量。方法　根据我国食物和环境氚调查的氚浓度数据、我国居民空气、饮水和食物摄入量数据和ICRP72号出版物推荐的剂量系数 ,用MSOffice软件进行计算和归因分析。结果　计算了氚致我国各地区成年、少年、幼儿组经诸途径的年氚摄入量和待积有效剂量。我国成人、少年和幼儿平均每年的氚摄入量分别为 16 2 0 0 ,116 0 0和 80 40Bq a,氚致待积有效剂量分别为 0 .5 3 ,0 .5 2和 0 .75 μSv a。 结论　我国氚致居民剂量的主要来源是食物 ,特别是食物中的有机结合氚 ,食物氚致剂量对 3个年龄组平均约占 87%。 Objective To study the annual tritium intake and the effective dose of tritium to be treated by Chinese residents before the commercial operation of the first nuclear power station in China in the early 1990s according to the food, drinking water and air routes. Methods According to tritium concentration data of China’s tritium survey of food and environment, inhabitants’ air, water and food intake data in China and the dose coefficient recommended by ICRP Publication 72, the MSOffice software was used for calculation and attribution analysis. Results The annual tritium intake and the effective cumulative dose of tritium for adults, adolescents and young children in various regions of China were calculated. The mean annual tritium intake of adults, adolescents and young children in our country is 1620, 11600 and 8040Bq a, respectively. The effective dose of tritiated protein to be treated is respectively 0.53, 0.52 and 0.7575Sv a. Conclusion The main sources of tritium-induced inhabitants in our country are organic tritium in food, especially in food. The dose of tritiated food on average accounts for about 87% in three age groups.