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在认识青年方面,我们正面临着一种转变:由对青年的解释变为对青年的理解。所谓解释和理解,是两种有确定差异的方法。在这里,它们被用以表示看待青年与社会的相互关系的两种立场。解释倾向于把青年看作是他的社会环境和历史条件的产物,青年的成长主要也就是他如何适应既定社会化模式的过程;理解则是充分地关切青年的特殊规定性,把成长看作是一个动态的、多维的相互影响过程。一个着眼点是环境,强调青年对环境的依赖性,期望通过灌输和外部强化方式来解决青年的教育和发展;一个则是着眼于青年自身,即如何有效地开掘和发挥青年自身的潜力,使教育工作更具有活力和革命性。
In recognizing our youth, we are facing a shift from an interpretation of youth to an understanding of youth. The so-called interpretation and understanding, there are two ways to determine the difference. Here, they are used to represent two positions that deal with the interrelationship between youth and society. Interpretation tends to regard youth as a product of his social environment and historical conditions. The growth of a youth is primarily a process of how he or she adapts to a given model of socialization; understanding, on the other hand, takes full account of the special stipulations of youth and regards growth as Is a dynamic, multi-dimensional interaction process. One focuses on the environment, emphasizing the youth’s dependence on the environment, and expects to address the education and development of youth through instilling and external strengthening. The other focuses on the youth themselves, that is, how to effectively tap and exploit their own potential so that Education is more dynamic and revolutionary.