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自由空气CO2浓度增加设施(Freeaircarbondioxideenrichment,FACE)使得实际地模拟未来植物生长所处的CO2浓度增加环境变为可能。FACE下,作物生长和产量发生不同程度的加速和提高,而分析作物产量因子对CO2浓度增加响应的遗传基础将有利于对CO2环境变化做出敏感响应的遗传特性的认识,有利于适合未来空气CO2浓度增加环境的高产品种的培育。以粳稻品种Asominori与籼稻品种IR24的杂交组合所衍生的染色体片段置换系(CSSLs)为材料进行田间试验,分别在FACE(约570μmolCO2/mol)和正常大气(约370μmolCO2/mol)下对籽粒产量及其构成因子等数量性状位点(QTL)进行了分析。结果表明,在FACE下,Asominori和IR24的有效穗数、穗粒数和单株籽粒产量均显著高于对照下的,并且FACE下,65个置换系的变幅范围均大于对照下的;在第1,2,4,6,7,9和12染色体上检测到LOD值在2.5~5.7范围内的控制上述产量性状的20个QTL,其中有3个可以同时在FACE和正常大气下检测到,其余的则只是在某一种CO2环境下检测到。此外,还检测到2个QTL(qFT12andqGP4)存在着与环境的加性互作效应。可以推论,空气中CO2浓度的增加诱导了部分对CO2浓度敏感的QTL表达,控制水稻产量性状的QTL与CO2增加的环境发生了互作效应。预计利用分子标记辅助育种途径可以培育出适用于未来CO2浓度增加环境下的高产水稻品种。
The Free Air Carbon dioxide enrichment facility (FACE) makes it possible to actually simulate the CO2 concentration at which future plant growth is placed in the environment. FACE, crop growth and yield to varying degrees of acceleration and increase, and analysis of crop yield factors to increase the genetic basis of CO2 concentration will be conducive to CO2 environmental changes sensitive to the genetic characteristics of understanding, is conducive to the future of air CO2 concentration increases the cultivation of high yielding varieties of the environment. Field experiments were conducted using CSSLs derived from a cross between Asominori and indica variety IR24. The effects of FACE (about 570μmolCO2 / mol) and normal atmosphere (about 370μmolCO2 / mol) on grain yield and Its constituent factors and other quantitative trait loci (QTL) were analyzed. The results showed that under FACE, the effective panicle number, grain number per spike and grain yield per plant of Asominori and IR24 were significantly higher than those under control, and the amplitudes of 65 substitution lines under FACE were larger than those under control; Twenty QTLs controlling the above traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9 and 12 with LOD values ranging from 2.5 to 5.7, of which 3 were detected in both FACE and normal atmosphere , The rest is only detected in a CO2 environment. In addition, two QTLs (qFT12 and qGP4) were also found to have additive interactions with the environment. It can be inferred that the increase of CO2 concentration in the air induces some of the QTLs that are sensitive to CO2 concentration, and the QTLs that control the yield traits of rice have an interaction effect with the increased environment of CO2. It is expected that the use of molecular marker-assisted breeding can breed high-yielding rice varieties suitable for future environments with increased CO2 concentration.