血液输注是临床上对于发生慢性贫血、因外伤导致的急性失血患者的一种最为基本、有效的治疗手段。尽管近年来医学水平的提高,输血操作的规范化水平越来越高,临床输血治疗的安全性更高。但血液成分复杂,患者之间存在较大的个体差异,因此,任何血液成分的输入对受血者均会有一定的危险性,引发过敏反应、溶血反应以及 Blood transfusion is clinically the most basic and effective treatment for patients with acute anemia and acute blood loss caused by trauma. In spite of the improvement of medical science in recent years, the standardization of blood transfusion operation is getting higher and higher, and the safety of clinical transfusion therapy is higher. However, the blood components are complex and there is a large individual difference between patients. Therefore, any input of blood components may cause a certain risk to the recipient and cause an allergic reaction, a hemolytic reaction, and