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一、引言煤是一种组成复杂、品质各异的固体矿物类燃料,其理化性质和燃烧特性随产地不同而千变万化。在燃烧高灰和(或)高硫煤以及粒度范围较宽、未经筛分的煤时,常常出现很多困难。中国煤炭资源丰富、品种繁多,煤炭的燃烧利用已有数千年的历史,因此在燃用各类煤种方面,积累了很多经验。但是中国目前燃煤设备的总体性能还很差。例如,耗煤量占全国年产总量约1/3的中小型工业锅炉的平均热效率只有60%左右,而电站的发电平均煤耗也超过400g标煤当量/kWh。此外,由于燃
I. INTRODUCTION Coal is a kind of solid mineral fuel with complicated composition and different qualities. Its physical and chemical properties and combustion characteristics vary with different producing areas. There are often many difficulties when burning high ash and / or high sulfur coal and a wide range of non-screened coal. China has abundant coal resources and a great variety of coal resources. Burning and utilizing coal has a history of thousands of years. Therefore, China has accumulated a great deal of experience in burning various types of coal. However, the overall performance of coal-fired equipment in China is still very poor. For example, the average thermal efficiency of small and medium-sized industrial boilers, which consume about 1/3 of the country’s total annual production, is only about 60%, while the average power consumption of power plants exceeds 400gce / kWh. In addition, due to burning