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本文就无线传感网(WSN)的能量供给问题,提出了采集环境中的振动能量这一解决方案。在无线传感环境中振动广泛存在,通过适当的方法把这些能量回收再利用转换为电能,则可使无线传感器摆脱电池供电的束缚。本文主要做了两方面工作:一是采集环境中振动能量的器件的设计;二是低功耗无线传感器节点的设计。对振动发电性能的测试表明,振动加速度为0.3g时,随着振动频率的增加,发电器的开路电压先增加,当振动频率为14.7Hz时达到最大值7.16V,然后快速减小。输出功率在外接负载为51kΩ时,达到最大值,且此时输出功率为32.12μW。对传感器工作耗电情况的测试表明,传感器电路的主要耗电在无线传输这段时间,电流为13.3m A,时间为0.1ms。
In this paper, the solution to the problem of energy supply in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is put forward, which is to collect the vibration energy in the environment. Vibrations are widespread in wireless sensor environments, and the proper way to convert these energy back into electrical energy allows the wireless sensor to get out of battery-powered constraints. This paper mainly did two aspects of work: one is to collect the design of the vibration energy device in the environment; the other is the design of low power wireless sensor node. The test of vibration power generation performance shows that when the vibration acceleration is 0.3g, with the increase of vibration frequency, the open circuit voltage of the generator first increases, reaching the maximum value of 7.16V when the vibration frequency is 14.7Hz, then decreases rapidly. The output power reaches the maximum value when the external load is 51kΩ, and the output power is 32.12μW at this moment. Testing the power consumption of the sensor shows that the main power consumption of the sensor circuit during wireless transmission is 13.3m A and the time is 0.1ms.