尤金·德布斯(Ewgene V. Debs, 1855-1926年),是美国工人阶级杰出的战士,他为促进美国工人运动和社会主义运动的发展作出了重要的贡献,在美国工人中享有很高的声望。下面仅就他在十九世纪末二十世纪初,尤其是第一次世界大战前后的事迹作一简述。 1875年,十九岁的德布斯热情地参加了工会工作,很快成为工人运动的有才干的领导人。然而,这时他对于从事工人运动的目的和阶级斗争等重大问题还缺乏明确的认识,对于社会主义也一无所知。甚至当1877年美国第一次全国铁路工人大罢工时,他曾表示反对,认为这是“无政府状态和革命”(赫伯 Ewgene V. Debs (1855-1926), an outstanding warrior of the American working class, made an important contribution to the promotion of the American workers’ movement and the development of the socialist movement. Among the American workers, High reputation. The following is a brief account of his deeds during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, especially before and after the First World War. In 1875, nineteen-year-old Debuss enthusiastically joined the work of trade unions and soon became a talented leader of the workers’ movement. However, he still lacked a clear understanding of major issues such as the purpose of the Workers’ Movement and class struggle, and he knew nothing of socialism. Even when the first strike of the nation’s railway workers in the United States was staged in 1877, he had opposed it and regarded it as “anarchy and revolution” (Herbert