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本文总结了20多年来我们对短期荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件刚度和裂缝的试验研究成果和在计算方面相应的建议。构件包括受弯构件和偏心受力(受拉和受压)构件,这些构件可用统一的公式计算,组成了一个完整的计算体系。受弯构件包括普通钢筋混凝土和配筋轻混凝土构件,其截面除常遇到的集中配筋的几种截面形式外,也包括薄壁构件和环形截面构件,同时还包括双向受弯构件;偏心受力构件截面形式也包括环形截面在内。文中建议的普通钢筋混凝土受弯构件刚度和裂缝计算方法,已被列入我国1974年颁布的《钢筋混凝土结构设计规范(TJ 10-74)》内。建议的公式具有明确的力学模式,物理概念清楚。验算表明,各公式的计算结果与有关试验结果符合较好。与苏联、美国规范和欧洲混凝土委员会/国际预应力协会(CEB-FIP)标准规范中受弯构件刚度公式比较表明,建议的公式不仅计算简便,而且更符合试验结果。文中还给出连续梁的研究资料和提出有关计算方法。除对使用荷载阶段进行研究和给出计算的结果外,也给出弯矩-曲率全曲线和极限变形的计算。试验用的试件超过500根。
This article summarizes the experimental research results of the stiffness and cracks of reinforced concrete members subjected to short-term loading over the past 20 years and the corresponding recommendations in terms of calculation. The components include flexural members and eccentrically stressed (pulled and stressed) components, which can be calculated using a uniform formula to form a complete calculation system. The flexural members include ordinary reinforced concrete and light reinforced concrete members. In addition to the cross-sections of the concentrated reinforcements often encountered, the flexural members also include thin-walled members and annular cross-section members, as well as bi-directional bending members; The cross section of the force member also includes a circular section. The calculation methods for stiffness and cracks of ordinary reinforced concrete flexural members proposed in the paper have been listed in the “Code for Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures (TJ 10-74)” promulgated in 1974 in China. The proposed formula has a definite mechanical model and the physical concept is clear. The calculation shows that the calculation results of each formula are in good agreement with the relevant test results. Comparing with the stiffness formulas of bending members in the Soviet Union, American Regulations and the European Concrete Committee/International Prestress Society (CEB-FIP) standard specification, it is shown that the proposed formula is not only easy to calculate but also more consistent with the test results. The paper also gives the research data of continuous beam and puts forward the relevant calculation methods. In addition to the study of the use of the load stage and the calculation results given, the bending moment-curvature full curve and limit deformation calculations are also given. More than 500 test specimens were used.