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声发射是材料受到内力或外力作用而产生变形或断裂时,以弹性波的形式释放能量的现象,在车削过程中产生大量声发射。分析在切削过程中声发射信号的产生机理,利用SAEU2S声发射检测系统对车削过程进行动态检测。对同种材料进行切削,设置不同的主轴转速、进给量、背吃刀量,探究车削过程中声发射特性变化情况。分析结果发现随着主轴转速增加声发射现象增多,而进给量的增加声发射现象却在减少。在保证加工效率的情况下,适当减小主轴转速增加进给量,可以达到保护车刀的效果。
Acoustic emission is a phenomenon that the material releases energy in the form of elastic wave when the material is deformed or broken by internal force or external force and generates a large amount of acoustic emission during the turning process. The generation mechanism of acoustic emission signal in the cutting process was analyzed. The SAEU2S acoustic emission detection system was used to detect the turning process dynamically. Cutting the same kind of material, set different spindle speed, feed rate, back to eat the amount of knife to explore changes in the process of turning the acoustic emission characteristics. The results show that as the spindle speed increases, the acoustic emission increases, while the increase of the acoustic emission decreases. In the case of ensuring the efficiency of processing, the appropriate reduction of the spindle speed to increase the feed, you can achieve the effect of protection of turning tools.