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目的了解甘肃医学院学生膳食铁摄入情况及其影响因素,为该校学生平衡膳食、合理营养提供科学依据。方法 2015年10月随机选取甘肃医学院大学一至三年级学生664人,通过食物频率问卷调查其膳食铁摄入水平,同时结合营养知识—态度—行为(KAP)的调查,评价学生膳食铁营养及影响因素。结果医学院男生粮谷类每人每日摄入量188.67 g,女生摄入量108.42 g,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.698,P<0.05);动物性食品男生每人每日摄入量38.40 g,女生摄入量12.10 g,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.562,P<0.05);蔬菜水果类男生每人每日摄入量72.16 g,女生摄入量94.41 g,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.423,P<0.05);男、女生铁摄入量小于适宜摄入量的有166人,占40.00%;与铁相关的营养素如维生素C的摄入量严重不足,男生387人维生素摄入量小于推荐摄入量、占男生的92.14%,女生230人、占女生的96.26%;男生337人蛋白质的摄入量小于推荐摄入量、占男生的80.24%,女生183人、占女生的96.26%;女生的营养知识和态度得分高于男生,男、女生在营养知识和态度方面的得分差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.154,P<0.05)。结论甘肃医学院学生膳食铁来源欠合理,应积极开展铁营养健康教育、调整饮食结构、积极改善铁营养状况。
Objective To understand the dietary intake of iron and its influencing factors in Gansu Medical College and to provide a scientific basis for its balanced diet and reasonable nutrition. Methods A total of 664 students from 1st to 3rd grade of Gansu Medical College were selected randomly from October 2015 to present their dietary iron intake by food frequency questionnaire. In addition, with the investigation of nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAP) Influencing factors. Results The daily intake of cereals and cereals was 188.67 g in boys and 108.42 g in girls. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 17.698, P <0.05) (Χ ~ 2 = 9.562, P <0.05). The per capita daily intake of fruits and vegetables in boys and girls was 72.16 g and the intake of girls was 94.41 g, the differences were statistically significant (Χ ~ 2 = 12.423, P <0.05). There were 166 males and females whose intake of iron was less than the appropriate intake, accounting for 40.00%. The intake of iron-related nutrients such as vitamin C was severe Inadequate, 387 boys intake of vitamin less than the recommended intake, accounting for 92.14% of boys and girls 230, accounting for 96.26% of girls; 337 boys intake of protein less than the recommended intake, accounting for 80.24% of boys, , Girls 183, accounting for 96.26% of girls; girls nutrition knowledge and attitude scores higher than boys, boys and girls in nutrition knowledge and attitude score difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 11.154, P <0.05). Conclusion The source of meal iron in Gansu Medical College is not reasonable. Health education of iron nutrition should be actively carried out to adjust the diet and improve the status of iron nutrition.