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元代,是一个由少数民族建立起来的朝代,骁勇善战的蒙古人民在文化方面却远远落后于汉人。元世祖忽必烈启用了汉化政策,在一定程度上延续了中古的文明发展,然而不够透彻的生搬硬套影响了汉文化的优势所在。蒙族政权避免不了的民族歧视,使汉人的身份受到打压,包括统治者对为官的民族限制以及对科举制度的不重视,文人仕途日渐坎坷,社会地位与前几朝相比几度降低。在这般的社会环境的压力之下,较多的文人志士开始走向远离仕途,隐逸山林的道路。
The Yuan Dynasty was a dynasty established by ethnic minorities. The brave and skilled Mongolian people lag far behind the Han Chinese in terms of culture. Khanate Khanhsien, ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, opened the policy of localization, which continued the development of civilization in the Middle Ages to a certain extent. However, the incomplete application of the rigid influence influenced the advantages of the Han culture. Mongolian regime can not be avoided ethnic discrimination, Han Chinese identity has been suppressed, including the rulers of the national restrictions on officials and the system of imperial examination system, literary career ups and downs, the social status of several times lower than in previous dynasties. Under the pressure of such a social environment, more and more literati began to move away from their official career and steeped in the mountains and forests.