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Unit 9
1. When was he born?他是什么时候出生的？
be born 出生于(be的过去时态形式是was 或 were，因为人的出生多为发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时)。eg:
The great pianist was born on October 10th, 1890.
那位伟大的钢琴家出生在1890年10月10日。
——Where were you born? 你在哪儿出生的？
——I was born in Beijing. 我出生在北京。
be born 后可接时间也可接地点，但接时间时，要根据具体时间而选定不同的介词。eg:
I was born in 1991.
I was born in March.
I was born in March, 1991.
I was born on March, 5th.
I was born on March 5th, 1991.
2. ——How long did Charles Smith hiccup? 查尔斯•史密斯打嗝打了多久？
——He hiccupped for 69 years 5 months. 他打了69年零5个月。
“How long”是就一段时间进行提问，因此回答时用for后面加一段持续的时间。eg:
——How long did he learn English? 他学英语多久了？
——He learned English for ten years. 他学英语十年了。
3. When did he stop hiccupping?他什么时候停止打嗝的？
(1)此句为一般过去时的特殊疑问句。一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+一般疑问句？
①含be动词的：eg:
There were two hundred workers one year ago. →
How many workers were there one year ago? 一年前有多少工人？
My parents were teachers ten years ago. →
What were your parents ten years ago? 十年前你父母是做什么的？
②含实义动词的：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？eg:
I went camping on my last day off. →
What did you do on your last day off? 上个休息日你做什么了？
Sun Ming started playing the piano at the age of four. →
When did Sun Ming start playing the piano? 孙茗是什么时候开始弹钢琴的？
(2)stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事情”。其中的stop是及物动词，后面的doing sth.是宾语。stop to do sth.意为“停下正在做的事情去做另外的事”，其中的stop是不及物动词，后面的动词不定式to do sth.是目的状语。eg：
She stopped singing. 她停止了唱歌。
You are tired. Stop to have a rest. 你太累了，停下来休息一会儿。
4. You are never too young to start doing things. 你越早开始做事越好。
本句含有一个重要结构too+adj./adv.+(for sb.) to do sth.，也称为“too…to…”结构，是英语中常用的一种句型，在翻译时，通常可译为“太……而不能……”；尽管不出现否定词，但暗含否定意义。eg：
The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
拓展：too…to…结构可以转换为其他几种意义相同的结构。
(1)可以转换为…enough to do (sth.)结构。注意enough结构中的形容词或副词为原结构中形容词或副词的反义词。eg：
They got there too late to catch the bus.→They didn’t get there early enough to catch the bus.
他们去得太晚了，没有赶上公共汽车。
(2)可以转换为so…that…结构，注意that引导的结果状语从句用否定式。eg：
The teacher spoke too fast for us to follow.→The teacher spoke so fast that we couldn’t follow him. 老师讲话太快，我们听不清楚。
5. Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. 老虎•伍兹在只有10个月大的时候开始玩高尔夫球。
When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. 在他还是一个小孩子的时候，他就能哼唱歌曲并能哼唱难的乐曲。
when引导时间状语从句，意为“……的时候”。eg:
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
莫扎特在四岁的时候，开始写音乐。
It rained when I got home. 当我到家的时候，天下雨了。
拓展：when的用法
(1)作疑问副词，意为“什么时候”。eg:
When are you leaving? 你什么时候离开？
When did Tony go to the library? 托尼什么时候去的图书馆？
(2)作从属连词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。eg:
When he was a small boy, he began to perform Beijing Opera．
当他是个小男孩时，他就开始表演京剧。
She toured the U.S. when she was fourteen． 她十四岁时就周游了美国。
6. Arthur is a loving grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandchildren. 阿瑟是一位慈爱的祖父。他与他的孙子、孙女一起度过了他所有的闲暇时光。
spend 意为“花费时间/金钱”。eg:
I’m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside． 我打算在美丽的乡间度过时光。
She spent $500 last year. 她去年花了五百美元。
(1)spend…on sth. 在某物(事)上花费(时间，金钱)。eg:
Maria spent five yuan on the book．
玛丽亚花了五元钱在这本书上。/玛丽亚买这本书花了五元。
I often spend two hours on my homework every night．
我经常每天晚上花两个小时做家庭作业。
(2)spend…(in) doing sth. 花(时间或金钱)干某事。eg:
I often spend a lot of time (in) doing my homework．
Maria spent five yuan (in) buying the book．
注意:spend 的主语必须是人，在第四单元中学过“It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.”也可表示“做某事花某人多少时间/金钱”，但 take 的主语应是物，而不能是人。eg:
It takes me a lot of time to do my homework．
It took Maria five yuan to buy the book．
拓展：用于描述人物的形容词：
talented(天才的)， loving(慈爱的)， outstanding(杰出的)， unusual(罕有的)， creative(有创造力的)， famous(著名的)， great(伟大的，很棒的)， beautiful(美丽的)
7. Li Yundi, the well-known Chinese pianist, always loved music. 中国著名钢琴家李云迪一直热爱音乐。
the well-known Chinese pianist是“Li Yundi”的同位语，作进一步解释说明。
8. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. 他四岁时就开始学习手风琴。
at the age of 在……岁时。eg:
At the age of 4, Mike began to write story books. 迈克四岁时就开始写故事书。
拓展：年龄表达方法：
(1)用基数词表达年龄，可以加上“…years old” eg: three years old
(2)用 when 引导的从句 eg: when I was three (years old)
(3)at the age of+基数词 eg: at the age of three
(4)基数词+-year-old, three-year-old，注意这种表达常作定语eg：a three-year-old boy
9. He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the Chopin International Piano Competition to receive such an honor.在肖邦国际钢琴大赛70年的历史中，他也是第一个获得这样荣誉的中国钢琴家。
(1)句式the first…to do…意思是“第一个(批)干……的(人)”，其中动词不定式作定语，修饰前面序数词后的中心词。eg：
He was the first man to find America. 他是发现美洲的第一人。
(2)the 70-year history 70年的历史，是由“数词+名词”构成的合成形容词，其中 70-year作 history 的定语，所以 year 不能用复数。另一类似的结构是“数词+名词+形容词”，词与词之间要加连字符，这类形容词只作定语，其中名词必须用单数。eg:
a four-year-old girl一个四岁女孩 the 70-year history 70年的历史
10. What can I do to become famous? 我怎样做才能出名？
动词不定式to become famous在句中作目的状语。eg：
Let’s save some money to help the children in Sichuan Province.
让我们省些钱来帮助四川的孩子们吧。
He’ll go to the station to meet his brother. 他要去车站接他哥哥。
11. He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 他因为背痛而停止了踢足球。
此句相当于He stopped playing football because he had a sore back.
because与because of二者都作“因为；由于”解，但词性及用法都不同。
(1)because是从属连词，用于引导原因状语从句或作以why开头的问句的答语，表直接原因。eg:
He came to work late because he got up late. 他上班迟到了，因为他起床晚了。
(2)because of是复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或由特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾语，不能接一般陈述句作宾语。because引导的从句可与because of构成的介宾结构互换，含义不变。eg：
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.=He didn’t come yesterday because of his illness.
昨天他因病没来。
We didn’t go out because the weather was bad.=We didn’t go out because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，我们没有出去。
Unit 10
1. What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大了想干什么？
(1)一般将来时常用的表达方式有两种，“will/shall+动词原形”和“be going to+动词原形”，前者多用于书面语中，表示“必然”会发生的事情；后者多用于口语中，表示“计划好、打算好要做的事情”。eg：
He is going to play basketball after school. 放学后他想去打篮球。
He will be eighteen next year. 明年他就十八岁了。
(2)grow up是个固定搭配，意思是“成长，长大”。eg：
He is going to be a scientist when he grows up. 他长大了想当科学家。
She is going to be an actress when she grows up. 她长大了想成为演员。
拓展：①grow用作动词时，意为“生长，发育，种植，增长”等。eg：
Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物开始生长。
What crops do you grow here? 你们这儿种什么庄稼？
②grow用作连系动词时，意为“渐渐变得”。eg：
He is growing bigger and bigger. 他在渐渐长大。
The noise grew louder. 噪音渐渐大起来。
[特别提醒]表示“变小”、“变少”时，不能用grow,而应用become。试译：
它变得越来越小。
[误]It grows smaller and smaller.
[正]It becomes smaller and smaller.
2. He’s going to move to New York.他要搬到纽约去。
move作动词时，主要意思是“移动；感动；动身，搬家”，其后常与介词to连用，move…to…意为“搬迁到……”；move作名词时，意思是“移动，步骤”。eg：
He moved the sofa to the left.他把沙发移到左边。
What’s our next move?我们下一步该做什么？
3. I’m going to take acting lessons. 我打算上表演课。
act用作及物动词时，意为“表演，演戏”。eg：
He acted the part of Hamlet very well. 他很成功地扮演了哈姆雷特这一角色。
Don’t act the fool. 别犯傻气了。
act用作不及物动词时，意为“行动，做(事)”。eg：
Think carefully before you act. 行动之前你要仔细想一想。
We must act at once. 我们必须马上行动。
act还可用作名词，意为“行为，动作”。eg：
It was an act of justice. 那是正义的行为。
拓展：含act的常见短语有：act as (担任，充当)； act against(违反)； act for(代理); act on(对……起作用)； act one’s age(举止与年龄相称)； act up(调皮)等。
4. When I grow up, I’m going to do what I want to do.我长大的时候，我将做我想做的事。
在主句中，what I want to do这个句子作前一个do的宾语，我们称它为宾语从句。根据有关语法规则，宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序，句子中一般不出现助动词，时态用动词的适当形式体现。eg：
I don’t believe what he says. 我不相信他说的话。
He told me what I should read. 他已告诉我应该读些什么了。
5. I’m going to move somewhere interesting. 我打算迁居到有趣的地方。
somewhere用作副词，意为“在某处”，“到某处”，美式英语中也用someplace。eg：
The cinema must be somewhere here. 电影院一定是在这里某个地方。
He lives somewhere in this neighborhood. 他住在附近某处。
You’ll find the passage somewhere in this book. 你可以在本书某一地方找到这段文章。
●somewhere 常用于肯定句中，在疑问句和否定句中，常用anywhere。eg：
——Did you go anywhere last Saturday? 上星期六你去哪里了吗？
——No, I didn’t go anywhere. 没有，我哪儿也没去。
●somewhere 有时与修饰词或短语连用或成为宾语而用作名词，意为“某处”。eg：
He needed somewhere to stay. 他需要个地方留宿。
●somewhere还可作“大约，左右”，相当于about。eg：
Mr Lin is somewhere in his forties. 林先生大约四十几岁。
6. Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy.巴黎听上去是我可能喜欢的城市。
(1)此处sound是个连系动词，后面可以接形容词、名词作表语，意思是“听起来……”。eg：
Your idea sounds like a good one.你的想法听起来不错。
It sounds to me as if there is a tap running somewhere.
我似乎听到什么地方有水龙头的流水声。
(2)以一个句子修饰另一个词作定语，我们叫它定语从句。定语从句一般由关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which )或关系副词(where, when, why, how)来引导。关系代词起代词的作用，在句子中可作主语、宾语或表语；关系副词起副词的作用，在句子中作状语。eg：
Do you know the boy who came to see Tom? 你认识来看望汤姆的那个男孩吗？
The train which has just left is for Tianjin. 刚开的那列火车是开往天津的。
That is the reason why I cannot agree. 这就是我不同意的理由。
7. Next, I’m going to hold art exhibitions because I want to be rich and buy a big house for my parents. 接着，我要举办艺术展，因为我想富有并给父母买座大房子。
(1)hold 在此意为“举办，召开”。eg:
We held a meeting last week. 我们上周开了个会。
拓展：有关hold的短语：①hold on坚持住 eg:
You should hold on until you finish it. 你应当坚持住直到做完。
②Hold on, please. 请稍等，别挂断。(用于接电话) eg:
“Could I speak to Ann, please?” “Hold on, please.” “我可以跟安通电话吗？” “请稍等。”
③hold on to sth. 坚持…… eg:
Everyone should hold on to his dream. 每个人都应坚持他的梦想。
(2)buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物，还可表达为buy sb. sth.。eg:
My student bought a book for me.=My student bought me a book.
我的学生给我买了一本书。
8. Finally, I’m going to retire somewhere quiet and beautiful. 最后，我打算在某个安静美丽的地方退休。
retire动词，意思是“退休，退职；退，退回；就寝，睡觉”。当它作“就寝，睡觉”解时，同义词组是go to bed，多用于书面语或正式、庄重的场合。eg:
He retired from public life. 他从公职上退休。
She retired to her room. 她回到自己的房间。
I usually retire before eleven o’clock. 我通常在十一点前就寝。
9. I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. 我将写文章并向杂志和报纸投稿。
send作及物动词的用法如下：
(1)send意思是“送，寄发”，反义词是receive，其后可以跟名词或代词作宾语，也可以跟双宾语，还可以跟复合宾语，宾补多为副词或动词不定式。eg:
I’ll send Grandmother a gift on her birthday.=I’ll send a gift to Grandmother on her birthday.
祖母生日时我要送给她一件礼物。
Will you send my breakfast up? 把我的早饭送上来好吗？
You should send your shoes to be repaired.你应该把你的鞋送去修理。
(2)send意思是“打发，派遣”，其后可以跟名词或代词作宾语，也可以跟复合宾语，它的宾补多用副词、介词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式来充当。eg:
Send the man in and I’ll speak to him. 让那个人进来，我要和他说话。
Mother would send my sister to bed at nine o’clock. 母亲总是在九点钟打发我妹妹上床。
He was sent to buy some milk. 他被派去买牛奶。
(3)send意思是“使变得，使处于，使得……”，其后只跟复合宾语，它的宾补多为形容词、介词或动词-ing形式。eg:
This noise will send me mad. 这吵闹声会使我发疯。
The news sent the family into great excitement.这条消息使得全家非常兴奋。
The fire sent everyone running out of the building.大火使得大家都从楼里跑了出来。
10. Some girls said they are going to exercise more to keep fit.一些女孩说她们打算做更多的锻炼来保持健康。
keep的基本意思是“保持，保留，保存”，它的常见句式“keep sth.”表示“保存，保管”；“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“使某人不停地做某事”；“keep+形容词”表示“保持某种状态”，此处keep为连系动词。eg:
How long can I keep the book? 这本书我能借多久？
His father keeps working the whole day. 他爸爸工作了一整天。
Don’t keep her waiting for long!不要让她久等！
Unit 11
1. Peter wants to stay out late. 彼得想要在外面呆到很晚。
stay out意为“留在户外；不在家中”。eg：
The child stayed out all night. 那孩子彻夜未归。
拓展：stay构成的短语有：
(1)stay away (from sb./sth.)与某人或某事物保持距离；不打扰某人或某事物。eg：
Tell him to stay away from my sister!叫他离我妹妹远点儿！
(2)stay behind留在后面不走。eg：
The teacher told him to stay behind after class. 老师要他下课后别走。
(3)stay还可作系动词，后常接形容词，表示保持某种状态。eg：
stay fit/healthy保持健康； stay closed继续关闭； stay quiet/still保持安静/静止； stay calm保持镇定
2. Could you please do the dishes? 请你清洗盘子好吗？
(1)Could you please do sth.? 用于有礼貌地请求允许干某事。
肯定回答：Yes, sure./Yes, I can.Sure, I’d love to.
否定回答：No, I can’t.Sorry, I can’t.
注意:①在进行实际回答中要注意人称的对应。②这里Could是一种委婉，客气的礼貌用语，作肯定、否定回答时，要用can，can’t来代替could和couldn’t。eg:
——Could you please clean your room?
——Yes， I can.
——Could I use the car?
——No， you can’t.
(2)英语中make和do(此处do为实义动词)都有“制作，做”的意思，但习惯上它们与不同的词语搭配，并根据汉语译成各自的意思，学习中要注意记忆。类似的短语还有：
do Chinese kung fu 练中国功夫 do one’s homework 做某人的作业
do some housework 干家务 do some reading 看书
make a mistake 犯错 make a joke开玩笑
make cakes做蛋糕
3. Peter wants to get a ride. 彼得想搭车。
get a ride“搭车”。eg：
We couldn’t get a ride so we had to walk home. 我们无法搭上车，因此不得不步行回家。
拓展：①ride为名词时，表示“乘车，乘坐”。eg：
Don’t worry about getting a ride to the concert, your father will pick you up.
不用为乘车去音乐会担心，你爸爸会顺便捎你去。
Could you give me a ride？你能让我搭便车吗？
The bus ride usually takes 25 minutes. 乘坐公共汽车通常花25分钟。
②ride 可以作动词用，意思为“乘，骑”。eg：
He rides a bike to school every day. 他每天骑自行车去上学。
Look!The boy is riding a horse. 看，这个男孩正骑着一匹马。
4. I have to go to a meeting. 我不得不去参加一个会议。
在用no或sorry对Could you please do sth.？句型发出的邀请表示拒绝后，可以用have to do sth.(不得不干某事)，need to do sth.(需要干某事)或be going to do sth.(打算干某事)的句子来解释拒绝的原因。
5. Could Iuse your computer? 我可以使用你的电脑吗？
use动词，是“使用，用”的意思，在句中作谓语。常用句型use sth. to do sth.。eg:
We can use the pen to write a letter. 我们可以用钢笔来写信。
6. A:I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。
B:Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores. 噢，我也讨厌一些家务，但我喜欢其他的家务。
(1)hate及物动词，表示憎恨、憎恶，常用句型有：
hate sth.hate to do sth.(表示特定的动作)hate doing sth.(多用来表示经常性的动作)eg:
He hates to sweep the floor today. 今天他讨厌扫地。
(2)like sth.like to do sth.(喜欢干某事，某一次具体的行为或动作)like doing sth.(表示经常性或习惯性的动作) eg:
Peter likes reading English books, but he likes to read Chinese now.
彼得喜欢读英语书，但现在他喜欢读汉语书。
7. I agree. 我同意。
agree v. 同意, 赞成……的意见, 与……一致。反义词为disagree。
agree with sb. 同意某人的话
agree to do sth. 同意干某事 eg:
She agreed to let me go home early. 她同意让我早些回家。
I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。
8. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友去聚会吗？
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
拓展：类似的结构还有：ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
9. Thanks for taking care of my dog. 谢谢你照看我的狗。
(1)Thanks for sth./doing sth.=Thank you for sth./doing sth. eg:
Thanks for giving me a card.
(2)take care of=look after 照看，照顾。eg:
Can you take care of my clothes? 你能照看一下我的衣服吗？
拓展：babysit照看婴幼儿。eg:
I have to babysit my little sister when Mom is outside.
当妈妈外出时，我不得不照顾我的小妹妹。
10. Don’t forget to clean his bed. 不要忘了打扫它的窝。
(1)forget to do sth.忘了要做某事(还没做)； forget doing sth.忘了做过某事(事已做了但忘了)。eg:
Don’t forget to give this letter to Mr. Hu. 不要忘了把这封信给胡先生。(还没给)
I’ll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.
我永远忘不了和我小学校长初次见面的情景。(和小学校长见过面)
(2)把某个东西遗忘在某地，要用leave。eg:
I left my homework at home. 我把我的作业遗忘在家里了。
(3)forget的反义词为 remember。remember to do sth.记得要做某事(还没做)； remember doing sth.记得做了某事(事已做了并记得)。eg:
I don’t remember seeing the letter but maybe I read it.
我不记得是否看过那封信，但也许我读过它。
I hope I remember to ask the barber tomorrow not to cut my hair too short.
但愿明天我记得要理发师别把我的头发剪得太短。
11. I’m going to move to a new house! 我打算搬到新家去!
(1)move to somewhere 搬去某地。 eg:
When I grow up, I’ll move to Beijing. 当我长大了,将搬去北京。
(2)move sth. 搬动某个东西。 eg:
Could you help me to move the heavy box? 你能帮我搬动这个重箱子吗？
12. I went to your house, but you weren’t in. 我去了你家，但你不在。
be in=be at home 在家； be out 不在家； be outside 外出。eg:
I called Jim up, but he wasn’t in. 我给吉姆打了电话，但他不在家。
Unit 12
1. It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
close to (somewhere)离……近。eg：
The cinema is very close to my home. 电影院离我家很近。
拓展：①close to sb. 和某人亲密。eg：
Tom is very close to Mary. 汤姆和玛丽关系密切。
此句也可表达为Tom is Mary’s close friend. 汤姆是玛丽亲密的朋友。
②close the door 关门，此时close是动词。eg：
It’s cold today. Could you please close the door? 今天天真冷，你能关上门吗？
2. We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. 我们做了一个读者调查，这是我们所了解的情况。
(1)do a survey of sb. 对(调查对象)……做调查。eg:
The magazine did a survey of its readers last week. 上周这家杂志社做了一次读者调查。
拓展：①do a survey about+调查内容。eg:
We did a survey about the hotel service here. 我们在这儿做了一个有关旅馆服务的调查。
②make/do a survey for sb./sth. 为某人/某个团体做调查。eg:
They made a survey for the government. 他们为政府做了一次调查。
(2)what we learned 在句中作表语从句，其结构为：特殊疑问词what+陈述语序。eg:
This is what I want to say.这就是我想说的。
3. As for radio stations, most people think that Jazz 107.9 FM is really great. 至于电台，大部分人认为Jazz 107.9 FM的确很棒。
as for至于；关于的意思。 eg:
As for homework, most students do homework every day. 至于作业，大多数学生每天都做。
4. Last week’s talent show was a great success. 上周的才艺表演非常成功。
success作名词，意为“成功的事或人，成名，胜利”，常指“达到……目的”。a great success意为“非常成功”。此处的success作可数名词。eg：
He wasn’t a success as a teacher. 他不是一个好教师。
Of her plays, three were successes and one was a failure. 她的剧作有三部成功，一部失败。
success 也可作不可数名词，也可与不定冠词“a”连用，a success 并不指success可数，而是指某事取得成功。success常与动词meet with, have, make, achieve等连用，要表示“在某方面获得成功，达到目的”，常用…success in sth./doing sth.。eg：
He met with success in his business. 他在事业上获得成功。
Did you have any success in persuading your father? 你说服令尊了吗？
Everyone wants to achieve great success in life. 人人都希望能在人生道路上大有成就。
注意：success的形容词是successful; 动词是succeed。
5. Who do you think is the funniest actor? 你认为谁是最滑稽的演员？
提问人物用who，提问事物用what, do you think 是插入语，从句用陈述语序。eg:
Who do you think is the best performer? 你认为谁是最好的演员？
What do you think is the best book? 你认为什么是最好的书？
6. Sanya is in Hainan Province in southern China. 三亚在中国南方的海南省。
(1)表示一个小地点在一个大地点之内用介词in表方位。eg:
Qingdao is in Shandong Province in eastern China. 青岛在中国东部的山东省。
如果一个地方不在一个地方内，且不接壤用介词to。eg:
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。
两个接壤的地方用介词on表方位。eg:
Russia is on the north of China. 俄国在中国的北部。
(2)southern, northern分别是south, north的形容词。
7. The price of a hotel room is about 320 yuan a night. 旅馆的房间价格为一晚上320元。 the price of ……的价格。
在英语中价格一般不用贵(expensive)，便宜(cheap)来修饰，而用高(high)，低(low)来修饰。eg: Ｔhe price of the apples is very low. 苹果的价格很低。
The apples are very cheap. 苹果很便宜。
常构成短语at the price of some money以……的价格。eg：
Bill Gates sold the software(软件) at the price of 4,500 dollars.
比尔•盖茨以4,500美元的价格卖了那个软件。
拓展：①Everyone has his price. 有钱能使鬼推磨/重赏之下，必有勇夫。
②at any price不惜任何代价。eg：
I’m going to ask him for help at any price. 我不惜任何代价去找他帮忙。
1. When was he born?他是什么时候出生的？
be born 出生于(be的过去时态形式是was 或 were，因为人的出生多为发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时)。eg:
The great pianist was born on October 10th, 1890.
那位伟大的钢琴家出生在1890年10月10日。
——Where were you born? 你在哪儿出生的？
——I was born in Beijing. 我出生在北京。
be born 后可接时间也可接地点，但接时间时，要根据具体时间而选定不同的介词。eg:
I was born in 1991.
I was born in March.
I was born in March, 1991.
I was born on March, 5th.
I was born on March 5th, 1991.
2. ——How long did Charles Smith hiccup? 查尔斯•史密斯打嗝打了多久？
——He hiccupped for 69 years 5 months. 他打了69年零5个月。
“How long”是就一段时间进行提问，因此回答时用for后面加一段持续的时间。eg:
——How long did he learn English? 他学英语多久了？
——He learned English for ten years. 他学英语十年了。
3. When did he stop hiccupping?他什么时候停止打嗝的？
(1)此句为一般过去时的特殊疑问句。一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+一般疑问句？
①含be动词的：eg:
There were two hundred workers one year ago. →
How many workers were there one year ago? 一年前有多少工人？
My parents were teachers ten years ago. →
What were your parents ten years ago? 十年前你父母是做什么的？
②含实义动词的：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？eg:
I went camping on my last day off. →
What did you do on your last day off? 上个休息日你做什么了？
Sun Ming started playing the piano at the age of four. →
When did Sun Ming start playing the piano? 孙茗是什么时候开始弹钢琴的？
(2)stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事情”。其中的stop是及物动词，后面的doing sth.是宾语。stop to do sth.意为“停下正在做的事情去做另外的事”，其中的stop是不及物动词，后面的动词不定式to do sth.是目的状语。eg：
She stopped singing. 她停止了唱歌。
You are tired. Stop to have a rest. 你太累了，停下来休息一会儿。
4. You are never too young to start doing things. 你越早开始做事越好。
本句含有一个重要结构too+adj./adv.+(for sb.) to do sth.，也称为“too…to…”结构，是英语中常用的一种句型，在翻译时，通常可译为“太……而不能……”；尽管不出现否定词，但暗含否定意义。eg：
The boy is too young to go to school. 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
拓展：too…to…结构可以转换为其他几种意义相同的结构。
(1)可以转换为…enough to do (sth.)结构。注意enough结构中的形容词或副词为原结构中形容词或副词的反义词。eg：
They got there too late to catch the bus.→They didn’t get there early enough to catch the bus.
他们去得太晚了，没有赶上公共汽车。
(2)可以转换为so…that…结构，注意that引导的结果状语从句用否定式。eg：
The teacher spoke too fast for us to follow.→The teacher spoke so fast that we couldn’t follow him. 老师讲话太快，我们听不清楚。
5. Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. 老虎•伍兹在只有10个月大的时候开始玩高尔夫球。
When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. 在他还是一个小孩子的时候，他就能哼唱歌曲并能哼唱难的乐曲。
when引导时间状语从句，意为“……的时候”。eg:
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
莫扎特在四岁的时候，开始写音乐。
It rained when I got home. 当我到家的时候，天下雨了。
拓展：when的用法
(1)作疑问副词，意为“什么时候”。eg:
When are you leaving? 你什么时候离开？
When did Tony go to the library? 托尼什么时候去的图书馆？
(2)作从属连词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。eg:
When he was a small boy, he began to perform Beijing Opera．
当他是个小男孩时，他就开始表演京剧。
She toured the U.S. when she was fourteen． 她十四岁时就周游了美国。
6. Arthur is a loving grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandchildren. 阿瑟是一位慈爱的祖父。他与他的孙子、孙女一起度过了他所有的闲暇时光。
spend 意为“花费时间/金钱”。eg:
I’m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside． 我打算在美丽的乡间度过时光。
She spent $500 last year. 她去年花了五百美元。
(1)spend…on sth. 在某物(事)上花费(时间，金钱)。eg:
Maria spent five yuan on the book．
玛丽亚花了五元钱在这本书上。/玛丽亚买这本书花了五元。
I often spend two hours on my homework every night．
我经常每天晚上花两个小时做家庭作业。
(2)spend…(in) doing sth. 花(时间或金钱)干某事。eg:
I often spend a lot of time (in) doing my homework．
Maria spent five yuan (in) buying the book．
注意:spend 的主语必须是人，在第四单元中学过“It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.”也可表示“做某事花某人多少时间/金钱”，但 take 的主语应是物，而不能是人。eg:
It takes me a lot of time to do my homework．
It took Maria five yuan to buy the book．
拓展：用于描述人物的形容词：
talented(天才的)， loving(慈爱的)， outstanding(杰出的)， unusual(罕有的)， creative(有创造力的)， famous(著名的)， great(伟大的，很棒的)， beautiful(美丽的)
7. Li Yundi, the well-known Chinese pianist, always loved music. 中国著名钢琴家李云迪一直热爱音乐。
the well-known Chinese pianist是“Li Yundi”的同位语，作进一步解释说明。
8. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. 他四岁时就开始学习手风琴。
at the age of 在……岁时。eg:
At the age of 4, Mike began to write story books. 迈克四岁时就开始写故事书。
拓展：年龄表达方法：
(1)用基数词表达年龄，可以加上“…years old” eg: three years old
(2)用 when 引导的从句 eg: when I was three (years old)
(3)at the age of+基数词 eg: at the age of three
(4)基数词+-year-old, three-year-old，注意这种表达常作定语eg：a three-year-old boy
9. He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the Chopin International Piano Competition to receive such an honor.在肖邦国际钢琴大赛70年的历史中，他也是第一个获得这样荣誉的中国钢琴家。
(1)句式the first…to do…意思是“第一个(批)干……的(人)”，其中动词不定式作定语，修饰前面序数词后的中心词。eg：
He was the first man to find America. 他是发现美洲的第一人。
(2)the 70-year history 70年的历史，是由“数词+名词”构成的合成形容词，其中 70-year作 history 的定语，所以 year 不能用复数。另一类似的结构是“数词+名词+形容词”，词与词之间要加连字符，这类形容词只作定语，其中名词必须用单数。eg:
a four-year-old girl一个四岁女孩 the 70-year history 70年的历史
10. What can I do to become famous? 我怎样做才能出名？
动词不定式to become famous在句中作目的状语。eg：
Let’s save some money to help the children in Sichuan Province.
让我们省些钱来帮助四川的孩子们吧。
He’ll go to the station to meet his brother. 他要去车站接他哥哥。
11. He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 他因为背痛而停止了踢足球。
此句相当于He stopped playing football because he had a sore back.
because与because of二者都作“因为；由于”解，但词性及用法都不同。
(1)because是从属连词，用于引导原因状语从句或作以why开头的问句的答语，表直接原因。eg:
He came to work late because he got up late. 他上班迟到了，因为他起床晚了。
(2)because of是复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或由特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾语，不能接一般陈述句作宾语。because引导的从句可与because of构成的介宾结构互换，含义不变。eg：
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.=He didn’t come yesterday because of his illness.
昨天他因病没来。
We didn’t go out because the weather was bad.=We didn’t go out because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，我们没有出去。
Unit 10
1. What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大了想干什么？
(1)一般将来时常用的表达方式有两种，“will/shall+动词原形”和“be going to+动词原形”，前者多用于书面语中，表示“必然”会发生的事情；后者多用于口语中，表示“计划好、打算好要做的事情”。eg：
He is going to play basketball after school. 放学后他想去打篮球。
He will be eighteen next year. 明年他就十八岁了。
(2)grow up是个固定搭配，意思是“成长，长大”。eg：
He is going to be a scientist when he grows up. 他长大了想当科学家。
She is going to be an actress when she grows up. 她长大了想成为演员。
拓展：①grow用作动词时，意为“生长，发育，种植，增长”等。eg：
Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物开始生长。
What crops do you grow here? 你们这儿种什么庄稼？
②grow用作连系动词时，意为“渐渐变得”。eg：
He is growing bigger and bigger. 他在渐渐长大。
The noise grew louder. 噪音渐渐大起来。
[特别提醒]表示“变小”、“变少”时，不能用grow,而应用become。试译：
它变得越来越小。
[误]It grows smaller and smaller.
[正]It becomes smaller and smaller.
2. He’s going to move to New York.他要搬到纽约去。
move作动词时，主要意思是“移动；感动；动身，搬家”，其后常与介词to连用，move…to…意为“搬迁到……”；move作名词时，意思是“移动，步骤”。eg：
He moved the sofa to the left.他把沙发移到左边。
What’s our next move?我们下一步该做什么？
3. I’m going to take acting lessons. 我打算上表演课。
act用作及物动词时，意为“表演，演戏”。eg：
He acted the part of Hamlet very well. 他很成功地扮演了哈姆雷特这一角色。
Don’t act the fool. 别犯傻气了。
act用作不及物动词时，意为“行动，做(事)”。eg：
Think carefully before you act. 行动之前你要仔细想一想。
We must act at once. 我们必须马上行动。
act还可用作名词，意为“行为，动作”。eg：
It was an act of justice. 那是正义的行为。
拓展：含act的常见短语有：act as (担任，充当)； act against(违反)； act for(代理); act on(对……起作用)； act one’s age(举止与年龄相称)； act up(调皮)等。
4. When I grow up, I’m going to do what I want to do.我长大的时候，我将做我想做的事。
在主句中，what I want to do这个句子作前一个do的宾语，我们称它为宾语从句。根据有关语法规则，宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序，句子中一般不出现助动词，时态用动词的适当形式体现。eg：
I don’t believe what he says. 我不相信他说的话。
He told me what I should read. 他已告诉我应该读些什么了。
5. I’m going to move somewhere interesting. 我打算迁居到有趣的地方。
somewhere用作副词，意为“在某处”，“到某处”，美式英语中也用someplace。eg：
The cinema must be somewhere here. 电影院一定是在这里某个地方。
He lives somewhere in this neighborhood. 他住在附近某处。
You’ll find the passage somewhere in this book. 你可以在本书某一地方找到这段文章。
●somewhere 常用于肯定句中，在疑问句和否定句中，常用anywhere。eg：
——Did you go anywhere last Saturday? 上星期六你去哪里了吗？
——No, I didn’t go anywhere. 没有，我哪儿也没去。
●somewhere 有时与修饰词或短语连用或成为宾语而用作名词，意为“某处”。eg：
He needed somewhere to stay. 他需要个地方留宿。
●somewhere还可作“大约，左右”，相当于about。eg：
Mr Lin is somewhere in his forties. 林先生大约四十几岁。
6. Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy.巴黎听上去是我可能喜欢的城市。
(1)此处sound是个连系动词，后面可以接形容词、名词作表语，意思是“听起来……”。eg：
Your idea sounds like a good one.你的想法听起来不错。
It sounds to me as if there is a tap running somewhere.
我似乎听到什么地方有水龙头的流水声。
(2)以一个句子修饰另一个词作定语，我们叫它定语从句。定语从句一般由关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which )或关系副词(where, when, why, how)来引导。关系代词起代词的作用，在句子中可作主语、宾语或表语；关系副词起副词的作用，在句子中作状语。eg：
Do you know the boy who came to see Tom? 你认识来看望汤姆的那个男孩吗？
The train which has just left is for Tianjin. 刚开的那列火车是开往天津的。
That is the reason why I cannot agree. 这就是我不同意的理由。
7. Next, I’m going to hold art exhibitions because I want to be rich and buy a big house for my parents. 接着，我要举办艺术展，因为我想富有并给父母买座大房子。
(1)hold 在此意为“举办，召开”。eg:
We held a meeting last week. 我们上周开了个会。
拓展：有关hold的短语：①hold on坚持住 eg:
You should hold on until you finish it. 你应当坚持住直到做完。
②Hold on, please. 请稍等，别挂断。(用于接电话) eg:
“Could I speak to Ann, please?” “Hold on, please.” “我可以跟安通电话吗？” “请稍等。”
③hold on to sth. 坚持…… eg:
Everyone should hold on to his dream. 每个人都应坚持他的梦想。
(2)buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物，还可表达为buy sb. sth.。eg:
My student bought a book for me.=My student bought me a book.
我的学生给我买了一本书。
8. Finally, I’m going to retire somewhere quiet and beautiful. 最后，我打算在某个安静美丽的地方退休。
retire动词，意思是“退休，退职；退，退回；就寝，睡觉”。当它作“就寝，睡觉”解时，同义词组是go to bed，多用于书面语或正式、庄重的场合。eg:
He retired from public life. 他从公职上退休。
She retired to her room. 她回到自己的房间。
I usually retire before eleven o’clock. 我通常在十一点前就寝。
9. I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. 我将写文章并向杂志和报纸投稿。
send作及物动词的用法如下：
(1)send意思是“送，寄发”，反义词是receive，其后可以跟名词或代词作宾语，也可以跟双宾语，还可以跟复合宾语，宾补多为副词或动词不定式。eg:
I’ll send Grandmother a gift on her birthday.=I’ll send a gift to Grandmother on her birthday.
祖母生日时我要送给她一件礼物。
Will you send my breakfast up? 把我的早饭送上来好吗？
You should send your shoes to be repaired.你应该把你的鞋送去修理。
(2)send意思是“打发，派遣”，其后可以跟名词或代词作宾语，也可以跟复合宾语，它的宾补多用副词、介词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式来充当。eg:
Send the man in and I’ll speak to him. 让那个人进来，我要和他说话。
Mother would send my sister to bed at nine o’clock. 母亲总是在九点钟打发我妹妹上床。
He was sent to buy some milk. 他被派去买牛奶。
(3)send意思是“使变得，使处于，使得……”，其后只跟复合宾语，它的宾补多为形容词、介词或动词-ing形式。eg:
This noise will send me mad. 这吵闹声会使我发疯。
The news sent the family into great excitement.这条消息使得全家非常兴奋。
The fire sent everyone running out of the building.大火使得大家都从楼里跑了出来。
10. Some girls said they are going to exercise more to keep fit.一些女孩说她们打算做更多的锻炼来保持健康。
keep的基本意思是“保持，保留，保存”，它的常见句式“keep sth.”表示“保存，保管”；“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“使某人不停地做某事”；“keep+形容词”表示“保持某种状态”，此处keep为连系动词。eg:
How long can I keep the book? 这本书我能借多久？
His father keeps working the whole day. 他爸爸工作了一整天。
Don’t keep her waiting for long!不要让她久等！
Unit 11
1. Peter wants to stay out late. 彼得想要在外面呆到很晚。
stay out意为“留在户外；不在家中”。eg：
The child stayed out all night. 那孩子彻夜未归。
拓展：stay构成的短语有：
(1)stay away (from sb./sth.)与某人或某事物保持距离；不打扰某人或某事物。eg：
Tell him to stay away from my sister!叫他离我妹妹远点儿！
(2)stay behind留在后面不走。eg：
The teacher told him to stay behind after class. 老师要他下课后别走。
(3)stay还可作系动词，后常接形容词，表示保持某种状态。eg：
stay fit/healthy保持健康； stay closed继续关闭； stay quiet/still保持安静/静止； stay calm保持镇定
2. Could you please do the dishes? 请你清洗盘子好吗？
(1)Could you please do sth.? 用于有礼貌地请求允许干某事。
肯定回答：Yes, sure./Yes, I can.Sure, I’d love to.
否定回答：No, I can’t.Sorry, I can’t.
注意:①在进行实际回答中要注意人称的对应。②这里Could是一种委婉，客气的礼貌用语，作肯定、否定回答时，要用can，can’t来代替could和couldn’t。eg:
——Could you please clean your room?
——Yes， I can.
——Could I use the car?
——No， you can’t.
(2)英语中make和do(此处do为实义动词)都有“制作，做”的意思，但习惯上它们与不同的词语搭配，并根据汉语译成各自的意思，学习中要注意记忆。类似的短语还有：
do Chinese kung fu 练中国功夫 do one’s homework 做某人的作业
do some housework 干家务 do some reading 看书
make a mistake 犯错 make a joke开玩笑
make cakes做蛋糕
3. Peter wants to get a ride. 彼得想搭车。
get a ride“搭车”。eg：
We couldn’t get a ride so we had to walk home. 我们无法搭上车，因此不得不步行回家。
拓展：①ride为名词时，表示“乘车，乘坐”。eg：
Don’t worry about getting a ride to the concert, your father will pick you up.
不用为乘车去音乐会担心，你爸爸会顺便捎你去。
Could you give me a ride？你能让我搭便车吗？
The bus ride usually takes 25 minutes. 乘坐公共汽车通常花25分钟。
②ride 可以作动词用，意思为“乘，骑”。eg：
He rides a bike to school every day. 他每天骑自行车去上学。
Look!The boy is riding a horse. 看，这个男孩正骑着一匹马。
4. I have to go to a meeting. 我不得不去参加一个会议。
在用no或sorry对Could you please do sth.？句型发出的邀请表示拒绝后，可以用have to do sth.(不得不干某事)，need to do sth.(需要干某事)或be going to do sth.(打算干某事)的句子来解释拒绝的原因。
5. Could Iuse your computer? 我可以使用你的电脑吗？
use动词，是“使用，用”的意思，在句中作谓语。常用句型use sth. to do sth.。eg:
We can use the pen to write a letter. 我们可以用钢笔来写信。
6. A:I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。
B:Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores. 噢，我也讨厌一些家务，但我喜欢其他的家务。
(1)hate及物动词，表示憎恨、憎恶，常用句型有：
hate sth.hate to do sth.(表示特定的动作)hate doing sth.(多用来表示经常性的动作)eg:
He hates to sweep the floor today. 今天他讨厌扫地。
(2)like sth.like to do sth.(喜欢干某事，某一次具体的行为或动作)like doing sth.(表示经常性或习惯性的动作) eg:
Peter likes reading English books, but he likes to read Chinese now.
彼得喜欢读英语书，但现在他喜欢读汉语书。
7. I agree. 我同意。
agree v. 同意, 赞成……的意见, 与……一致。反义词为disagree。
agree with sb. 同意某人的话
agree to do sth. 同意干某事 eg:
She agreed to let me go home early. 她同意让我早些回家。
I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。
8. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友去聚会吗？
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
拓展：类似的结构还有：ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
9. Thanks for taking care of my dog. 谢谢你照看我的狗。
(1)Thanks for sth./doing sth.=Thank you for sth./doing sth. eg:
Thanks for giving me a card.
(2)take care of=look after 照看，照顾。eg:
Can you take care of my clothes? 你能照看一下我的衣服吗？
拓展：babysit照看婴幼儿。eg:
I have to babysit my little sister when Mom is outside.
当妈妈外出时，我不得不照顾我的小妹妹。
10. Don’t forget to clean his bed. 不要忘了打扫它的窝。
(1)forget to do sth.忘了要做某事(还没做)； forget doing sth.忘了做过某事(事已做了但忘了)。eg:
Don’t forget to give this letter to Mr. Hu. 不要忘了把这封信给胡先生。(还没给)
I’ll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.
我永远忘不了和我小学校长初次见面的情景。(和小学校长见过面)
(2)把某个东西遗忘在某地，要用leave。eg:
I left my homework at home. 我把我的作业遗忘在家里了。
(3)forget的反义词为 remember。remember to do sth.记得要做某事(还没做)； remember doing sth.记得做了某事(事已做了并记得)。eg:
I don’t remember seeing the letter but maybe I read it.
我不记得是否看过那封信，但也许我读过它。
I hope I remember to ask the barber tomorrow not to cut my hair too short.
但愿明天我记得要理发师别把我的头发剪得太短。
11. I’m going to move to a new house! 我打算搬到新家去!
(1)move to somewhere 搬去某地。 eg:
When I grow up, I’ll move to Beijing. 当我长大了,将搬去北京。
(2)move sth. 搬动某个东西。 eg:
Could you help me to move the heavy box? 你能帮我搬动这个重箱子吗？
12. I went to your house, but you weren’t in. 我去了你家，但你不在。
be in=be at home 在家； be out 不在家； be outside 外出。eg:
I called Jim up, but he wasn’t in. 我给吉姆打了电话，但他不在家。
Unit 12
1. It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
close to (somewhere)离……近。eg：
The cinema is very close to my home. 电影院离我家很近。
拓展：①close to sb. 和某人亲密。eg：
Tom is very close to Mary. 汤姆和玛丽关系密切。
此句也可表达为Tom is Mary’s close friend. 汤姆是玛丽亲密的朋友。
②close the door 关门，此时close是动词。eg：
It’s cold today. Could you please close the door? 今天天真冷，你能关上门吗？
2. We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. 我们做了一个读者调查，这是我们所了解的情况。
(1)do a survey of sb. 对(调查对象)……做调查。eg:
The magazine did a survey of its readers last week. 上周这家杂志社做了一次读者调查。
拓展：①do a survey about+调查内容。eg:
We did a survey about the hotel service here. 我们在这儿做了一个有关旅馆服务的调查。
②make/do a survey for sb./sth. 为某人/某个团体做调查。eg:
They made a survey for the government. 他们为政府做了一次调查。
(2)what we learned 在句中作表语从句，其结构为：特殊疑问词what+陈述语序。eg:
This is what I want to say.这就是我想说的。
3. As for radio stations, most people think that Jazz 107.9 FM is really great. 至于电台，大部分人认为Jazz 107.9 FM的确很棒。
as for至于；关于的意思。 eg:
As for homework, most students do homework every day. 至于作业，大多数学生每天都做。
4. Last week’s talent show was a great success. 上周的才艺表演非常成功。
success作名词，意为“成功的事或人，成名，胜利”，常指“达到……目的”。a great success意为“非常成功”。此处的success作可数名词。eg：
He wasn’t a success as a teacher. 他不是一个好教师。
Of her plays, three were successes and one was a failure. 她的剧作有三部成功，一部失败。
success 也可作不可数名词，也可与不定冠词“a”连用，a success 并不指success可数，而是指某事取得成功。success常与动词meet with, have, make, achieve等连用，要表示“在某方面获得成功，达到目的”，常用…success in sth./doing sth.。eg：
He met with success in his business. 他在事业上获得成功。
Did you have any success in persuading your father? 你说服令尊了吗？
Everyone wants to achieve great success in life. 人人都希望能在人生道路上大有成就。
注意：success的形容词是successful; 动词是succeed。
5. Who do you think is the funniest actor? 你认为谁是最滑稽的演员？
提问人物用who，提问事物用what, do you think 是插入语，从句用陈述语序。eg:
Who do you think is the best performer? 你认为谁是最好的演员？
What do you think is the best book? 你认为什么是最好的书？
6. Sanya is in Hainan Province in southern China. 三亚在中国南方的海南省。
(1)表示一个小地点在一个大地点之内用介词in表方位。eg:
Qingdao is in Shandong Province in eastern China. 青岛在中国东部的山东省。
如果一个地方不在一个地方内，且不接壤用介词to。eg:
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。
两个接壤的地方用介词on表方位。eg:
Russia is on the north of China. 俄国在中国的北部。
(2)southern, northern分别是south, north的形容词。
7. The price of a hotel room is about 320 yuan a night. 旅馆的房间价格为一晚上320元。 the price of ……的价格。
在英语中价格一般不用贵(expensive)，便宜(cheap)来修饰，而用高(high)，低(low)来修饰。eg: Ｔhe price of the apples is very low. 苹果的价格很低。
The apples are very cheap. 苹果很便宜。
常构成短语at the price of some money以……的价格。eg：
Bill Gates sold the software(软件) at the price of 4,500 dollars.
比尔•盖茨以4,500美元的价格卖了那个软件。
拓展：①Everyone has his price. 有钱能使鬼推磨/重赏之下，必有勇夫。
②at any price不惜任何代价。eg：
I’m going to ask him for help at any price. 我不惜任何代价去找他帮忙。