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采用纯Fe粉和Ni粉利用高能卧式搅拌球磨机制备了Fe-10%Ni(质量分数,下同)合金,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差热分析(DTA)研究了球磨粉末的相组成、形貌和热稳定性,并对其热压烧结的块材进行了组织分析与性能测试。结果表明,在球磨机转速400 r/min,球料比20:1条件下,球磨8 h后,Ni原子完全固溶在Fe原子晶格中,形成体心立方结构Fe(Ni)过饱和固溶体,延长时间到16 h,球磨粉末颗粒尺寸更均匀细小,但仍为体心立方Fe(Ni)固溶体。对球磨16 h的合金粉末在500~800℃进行退火处理,发现粉末结构稳定,仍为体心立方Fe(Ni)固溶体。对球磨16 h的合金粉末进行热压烧结,发现950℃下烧结块材中出现少量fcc结构的Fe(Ni)固溶体相,而继续在970℃复烧后则完全转变为面心立方结构的Fe(Ni),但950℃热压烧结块材的强度和延伸率高于970℃复烧的块材,原因在于无压复烧块材中产生氧化物和孔洞。
Fe-10% Ni (mass fraction, the same below) alloy was prepared by pure Fe powder and Ni powder using high energy horizontal agitator ball mill. The microstructures of the alloy were characterized by XRD, SEM, DTA, The phase composition, morphology and thermal stability of the ball milled powder were studied. The microstructure and properties of the hot-pressed sintered block were analyzed. The results show that the Ni atoms completely dissolve in the Fe atomic lattice after ball milling for 8 h at a ball mill rotating speed of 400 r / min and a ball / material ratio of 20: 1, forming a supersaturated Fe (Ni) solid solution with a cubic structure. When extended for 16 h, the size of the ball mill powder was more uniform and smaller, but it was still solid-state cubic Fe (Ni) solid solution. The alloy powders with ball milling of 16 h were annealed at 500 ~ 800 ℃ and found that the powder was stable and still in the form of body-centered cubic Fe (Ni) solid solution. The hot-pressed sintering of the alloy powders with ball milling for 16 h showed that a small amount of Fe (Ni) solid solution phase with fcc structure appeared in the sintered compact at 950 ℃, and then completely transformed to face-centered cubic Fe (Ni). However, the strength and elongation of the hot-press sintered compact at 950 ° C is higher than that of the sintered body at 970 ° C due to oxides and voids generated in the non-pressurized sintered compact.