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人参、西洋参能通过根系分泌三萜皂苷等化感物质,严重影响后茬人参的生长,但对人参以外的植物是否具有化感效应尚不清楚。本实验研究了不同质量浓度的人参皂苷对小麦、白菜、黄瓜及绿豆 4 种常见栽培作物早期根系发育的影响,结果发现人参皂苷处理液 ( 25、50 和 100 mg·L- 1) 对 4 种作物主根及不定根的发育影响不尽相同。随着处理质量浓度的升高,小麦、白菜、黄瓜根系活力分别比同组 CK 明显降低,根长、根鲜重也呈降低趋势。各浓度人参皂苷处理对黄瓜和绿豆下胚轴不定根的数量、根长、根鲜重及根系活力的影响均未达到显著水平,但二者抗氧化酶的活性都微有升高。总之,人参皂苷对 4 种栽培作物的主根发育均有抑制作用,尤其对小麦、黄瓜主根生长的抑制作用较强; 但对黄瓜和绿豆不定根发育的影响不明显。
Ginseng and American ginseng can secrete allelochemicals such as triterpene saponin through the root system, which seriously affect the growth of ginseng after stubble. However, it is unclear whether they have allelopathic effects on plants other than ginseng. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of ginsenosides on the early root development of four common cultivated crops such as wheat, cabbage, cucumber and mung bean were studied. The results showed that ginsenosides (25, 50 and 100 mg · L -1) Crop root and adventitious root developmental effects are not the same. With the increase of the mass concentration, the root vigor of wheat, cabbage and cucumber were significantly lower than CK and the root length and root fresh weight also decreased. The concentrations of ginsenosides had no significant effect on the number of adventitious roots, root length, fresh weight and root activity of cucumber and mung bean hypocotyls, but the activity of both antioxidant enzymes increased slightly. In conclusion, ginsenosides inhibited the development of main roots in four cultivated crops, especially on the growth of main roots of wheat and cucumber. However, the effects of ginsenosides on adventitious root development of cucumber and mung bean were not obvious.