【目的】探讨高血压脑出血破入脑室的显微手术治疗的临床疗效。【方法】回顾性分析2009年1月至2013年1月本院神经内科、神经外科因高血压脑出血破入脑室而收治的患者各40例，其中以神经内科收治的40例患者为保守组，而神经外科收治的40例患者实施显微手术治疗设为显微组，对比两组患者血肿消除时间、住院时间、发生脑积水情况。【结果】显微组血肿消除时间为（13．7±2．6）d，平均住院时间为（18．5±3．2）d，脑积水发生率为10．0％，并发症发生率为32．5％；保守组血肿消除时间为（23．3±3．4）d，平均住院时间为（34．1±3．9）d ，脑积水发生率为42．5％，并发症发生率60％，两组相比较差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】显微手术治疗高血压脑出血破入脑室患者比传统的保守治疗更具有优势和应用的价值，能够减少并发症的发生率以及缩短血肿消除时间，减少患者的痛苦。“,”[Objective] To explore clinical efficacy of microsurgical operation in the treatment of hyperten-sive intracerebral hemorrhage broken into ventricles .[Methods]Totally 40 patients with hypertensive intrace-rebral hemorrhage broken into ventricles in neurological department and 40 patients with hypertensive intrace-rebral hemorrhage broken into ventricles in neurosurgical department of our hospital from Jan .2009 to Jan . 2013 were analyzed retrospectively .The 40 patients in neurological department were selected as conservation group ,while 40 patients undergoing microsurgical operation in neurosurgical department were selected as mi-crosurgery group .Hematoma elimination time ,hospitalization time and the incidence of hydrocephalus were compared between two groups .[Results] In microscopic group ,hematoma elimination time was (13 .7 ± 2 .6) d ,and the average hospitalization time was (18 .5 ± 3 .2)d ,and the incidence of hydrocephalus was 10% ,and the incidence of complications was 32 .5% .In conservative group ,hematoma elimination time was (23 .3 ± 3 .4)d ,and the average hospitalization time was (34 .1 ± 3 .9)d ,and the incidence of hydrocephalus was 42 .5% ,and the incidence of complications was 60% .There were significant differences between two groups ( P <0 .05) .[Conclusion] Microsurgical operation in the treatment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage broken into ventricles has more advantages and application value than conservation therapy .It can decrease the incidence of complications ,shorten the hematoma elimination time and alleviate the pain of pa-tients .