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目的探讨电焊工肘痛的患病情况及其影响因素。方法随机选取某汽车公司从事电焊作业工龄>1年,无肘部外伤及手术史的电焊工754人。统计不同人群患病率,在控制年龄影响的情况下,利用Logistic回归分析计算危险因素调整OR值;将卡方检验中P<0.10的变量作为候选变量建立多因素Logistic回归模型。结果该公司电焊工肘痛的年患病率为20.0%。肘痛发病的危险因素包括年龄(≥40岁的OR值2.38)、以不舒适姿势搬举重物(OR值1.59)、搬运重物的时间(>4 h/d OR值2.09)、上臂或手重复动作(OR值1.78)、工作时手的位置超过肩部(OR值1.51);性别、工龄、常搬举重物、手持振动工具、工作时有工间休息对肘痛的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论电焊作业中存在引起肘痛的多种职业危险因素,需要采取有针对性的措施进行积极干预。
Objective To study the prevalence and influential factors of elbow pain in welders. Methods A random number of welders 754 who had been working in a welding company for one year without a history of elbow injuries and surgery were selected randomly. Statistical analysis of the prevalence of different populations, in the control of the age of the case, the use of Logistic regression analysis of risk factors to adjust the OR value; the chi-square test P <0.10 variables as the candidate variables to establish a multivariate Logistic regression model. Results The annual prevalence of welder elbow pain was 20.0%. The risk factors for elbow pain included age (odds ratio, OR = 2.38), lifting heavy objects in uncomfortable positions (OR 1.59), heavy objects (> 4 h / d OR 2.09), upper arms or hands Repeat work (OR = 1.78), hand position over the shoulder (OR = 1.51); gender, length of service, often lifting heavy objects, hand-held vibration tools, work-time breaks have no effect on elbow pain (P> 0.05). Conclusion There are many occupational risk factors that cause elbow pain in the welding operation, which need to take targeted measures to actively intervene.