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从结构形式和表义特点两个方面描写了《荔镜记》中“乞”字被动句和“着”字被动句,梳理了《荔镜记》中“乞”语法化为被动标记的过程,并提出了一些判别致使句和被动句的标准。综合分析了明代闽方言中“着”表被动的来源,在此基础上探讨明清时期具有南北不同方言背景的文献中使用“着”字使役句与被动句的共同特点。主要参考价值有两点:一、认为元明清文献里的被动标记“乞”有不同的来源,一部分“乞”只是“喫”或“吃”的另一种写法,另一部分“乞”是从“给予”义发展来的;二、指出明代闽方言中存在“着”字被动句,“着”表被动当来源于“遭受”义动词,这为研究明清时期“着”字被动句的发展演变及地域分布提供了新材料。
This paper describes the passive sentences of “begging” and the passive sentences of “zhe” in “Li Mirror” from the two aspects of the structure and the characteristics of senses, combing the syntax of “begging” in “LI Mirror” Into passive marking process, and put forward some of the criteria to identify the sentence and the passive sentence. Based on the analysis of the passive sources of the “Zhu” table in the Ming dialect of Fujian in the Ming Dynasty, this paper explores the common features of the use of the Sentences and the Passive Sentences in the Ming and Qing Dynasties with different dialects background. The main reference value has two points: First, that the passive markers in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties literature “begging” have different sources, part of “beggar” is only “eat” or “eat” another The other part “begging” is developed from “giving ” meaning; secondly, it points out the existence of “passive” sentence in “Min” dialect in the Ming Dynasty, “passive” Suffer from "the verb, which provides a new material for studying the development and distribution of the passive sentences in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.