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1915年9月,陈独秀、李大钊、鲁迅、胡适、易白沙、吴虞、钱玄同等一批先进知识分子,以《新青年》等刊物为阵地,以民主与科学为武器,发起了一场反对封建思想,解放“人性”的新文化运动。它使中国知识界进入了自春秋战国以来的又一次思想大解放、大分化、大改组的时期。处于挽救民族危机的的迫切形势下,新文化运动的结果造成了中国知识分子的分野,使他们以自身不同的信仰、立场进行了历史性的重构,走上不同的“救国道路”。正是这期间,以陈独秀、李大钊、李达、毛泽东、蔡和森等为代表的共产主义革命知识分子群体开始形成。
In September 1915, a batch of advanced intellectuals such as Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Lu Xun, Hu Shih, Yi Baisha, Wu Yu and Qian Xuan, launched an opposition with the publication of “New Youth” and other places with democracy and science as their weapons Feudalism, liberation “humanity ” new culture movement. It has brought the Chinese intelligentsia into another period of great liberation, big deconvolution and major reorganization of the mind since the Spring and Autumn Period. Under the urgent situation of saving the national crisis, the result of the New Culture Movement has caused the division of the Chinese intellectuals and enabled them to carry out historic reconstruction with their own different beliefs and positions and embark on a different path of “saving the nation” . It was during this period that a group of communist revolutionary intellectuals represented by Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Li Da, Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen began to form.