据《自然》周刊报道,美国国家工程院最近提出报告,极力建议美国将其“研究与发展”(R&D)计划的大门向包括公私在内的外国人敞开。该报告是前不久由美国能源部设在伊利诺斯州的阿贡国家实验室主任艾伦·施里谢蒙领导的一个委员会提出的。 工程院的报告提出,在不对美国的国家安全构成明显威胁的前提下,国会应避免立法限制外国人参与美国的私人资助的R&D计划,而且应当从有关监控联邦R&D计划开支的现行法律中删除有关对等互惠的要求。今后的R&D的立法也应排除这类要求。 但该专家小组的成员和外部观察家们都承认,国会目前还不会急于去修订现有的法律。但施里谢蒙说,他的委员会是想发出一个强烈的信息,即限制性政策只会弊大于利。他希望该报告至少能够防止今后作出闭门主义的立法。 施里谢蒙的委员会是在大约三年前当美国的“竞争力”问题受到比目前更大的政治攻击的情况下开始制定上述报告的。那时候传媒上刊登的一些趣闻轶事暗示出美国公司正 According to a report by Nature Weekly, the U.S. National Academy of Engineering recently submitted a report strongly urging the United States to open the door to its “research and development” (R & D) program to foreigners, including both public and private. The report was made shortly by a committee led by Alan Shri Shemeh, director of the Argonne National Laboratory in the United States Department of Energy in Illinois. The Academy's report states that Congress should avoid legislation that limits the participation of foreigners in privately funded R & D programs in the United States without any apparent threat to the national security of the United States, and should remove from the existing law governing the monitoring of federal R & D program spending Reciprocity requirements. Future R & D legislation should also exclude such requests. But members of the panel and outside observers have acknowledged that Congress is not in a rush to amend existing laws. But Shrimmon said his commission wanted to send a strong message that restrictive policies would do more harm than good. He hopes the report will at least prevent closed-door legislation from being made in the future. Shri Sheemun's commission started the report about three years ago when the United States “competitive” issue was subject to more political attacks than is currently available. Some interesting anecdotes in the media at that time suggested that American companies were positive