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我国经济学学科呈现了三条脉络:基于马克思主义政治经济学的学科脉络、基于西方经济学的学科脉络与本土化自主理论创新的经济学学科脉络。目前的发展态势也呈现三种状况:第一条学科脉络在官方意识形态领域占主导,第二条学科脉络在经济学教育领域占主导,第三条学科脉络随着中国逐步成为世界上最大、最具影响的经济体之后开始引起重视。旨在总结中国与广大发展中国家经济发展与转型经验的新结构经济学成为中国本土化自主理论创新的典型代表。新结构经济学研究范式的独特性体现在基于中国以及广大发展中经济体面临的自身现实约束条件分析与提炼与此约束条件相适应的经济发展与转型的过程与方法,它不同于西方主流理论以发达国家作为标杆分析发展与转型的要素与结果。新结构经济学是关于经济结构及其变迁的新古典框架,核心思想是经济基础和上层建筑的互动,核心原理则是结构变迁的价格理论,包括以禀赋结构的供给与需求为主要内容的静态和动态一般均衡理论。新结构经济学形成了以禀赋结构升级和生产结构升级作为发展过程,以企业的自生能力作为微观基础,以要素相对价格作为分析的手段,以发挥比较优势利用后发优势作为发展中国家的经济发展方法,以有效市场和有为政府作为政策导向的一套关于发展与转型的分析框架。新结构经济学具体领域的应用形成了自成体系的新结构产业经济学、新结构金融经济学、新结构劳动经济学、新结构区域经济学、新结构国际经济学、新结构周期理论、新结构环境经济学、新结构转型经济学、新结构制度经济学、新结构国际发展学等子领域,构成了一套经济结构的科学。新结构经济学在这些领域有着广泛的研究前景,有望重构现代主流经济学的大部分理论体系。
The discipline of economics in our country presents three contexts: the discipline of economics based on Marxism, the discipline of economics based on the discipline of western economics and the innovation of economics. The current trend of development also presents three kinds of situations: the first discipline leads in the field of official ideology, the second one leads in the field of economics education, and the third one goes with the discipline As China gradually becomes the largest in the world, After the most influential economy began to pay attention. The new structural economics that aims to summarize the experience of China’s economic development and transformation with a large number of developing countries has become a typical representative of China’s indigenous localization theory innovation. The uniqueness of the new paradigm of structural economics research is reflected in the analysis and refinement of the process and methods of economic development and transition adapted to these constraints based on the self-actual constraints that China and the vast number of developing economies are facing. Unlike the mainstream theories of the West Use developed countries as a benchmark to analyze the elements and results of development and transformation. Neo-structural economics is a neoclassical framework about economic structure and its transformation. The core idea is the interaction between economic foundation and superstructure. The core principle is the price theory of structural change, including the static content with the supply and demand of endowment structure as the main content And dynamic general equilibrium theory. The new structure economics has formed the process of upgrading the endowment structure and the upgrading of the production structure as the development process, taking the enterprise’s viability as the micro foundation and the relative price of the factor as the analysis method, in order to give play to the comparative advantage and make use of the backward advantage as the economy of the developing countries Development methodologies, a set of analytical frameworks on development and transformation guided by effective markets and well-governed governments. The application of specific fields of new structural economics has formed a new structure of self-contained system of industrial economics, new structural financial economics, new structural labor economics, new structural regional economics, new structure international economics, new structural cycle theory, new Structural and environmental economics, new structural transformation economics, new structural economics, new structure international development and other sub-fields, constitute a science of economic structure. The new structural economics has extensive research prospects in these fields and is expected to reconstruct most of the theoretical systems of modern mainstream economics.