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人造地球卫星是高科技的产物,种类繁多,有科学实验卫星、返回式遥感卫星、通讯卫星、气象卫星等,应用十分广泛,其运行轨道、制作工艺、发射与回收等相当复杂。中学课本中所讲的人造地球卫星是一个理想化的模型,把人造地球卫星的运行轨道当作以地球球心为圆心的一个圆周,把它的运动认为是一种匀速率圆周运动。人造地球卫星问题在历年高考试卷中曾多次出现,说明该问题的重要性,它既涉及圆周运动知识,又需要万有引力定律
Man-made earth satellites are the products of high technology. They are numerous in variety, and they include scientific experimental satellites, return-type remote sensing satellites, communication satellites, and meteorological satellites. They are widely used, and their orbits, production techniques, launching, and recovery are quite complicated. The man-made earth satellite mentioned in the middle school textbooks is an idealized model. It regards the orbit of man-made earth satellites as a circle centered on the earth’s center of the sphere, and regards its movement as a uniform-rate circular motion. The issue of man-made earth satellites has appeared many times in the examination papers in the calendar year, which explains the importance of this issue. It involves both circular motion knowledge and the law of universal gravitation.