一、引言对于亚洲新兴的工业化国家来说,基于劳动力密集型出口产业的高速增长阶段是比较短暂的,如南朝鲜、新加坡就是如此。在这些国家的经济中,早期的劳动力剩余阶段业已结束,面临的前景是劳动力短缺和工资增长。政府的经济政策都向着高增值型产业的方向调整工业部门,以便保持自己在国际市场上的竞争力和经济高速增长的势头。 I. INTRODUCTION For the newly industrialized countries in Asia, the high-speed growth phase based on labor-intensive export industries is relatively short-lived, as in South Korea and Singapore. In the economies of these countries, the early stages of the surplus of labor are over and the prospects are facing labor shortages and wage increases. The government's economic policies are all aimed at adjusting the industrial sector in the direction of high value-added industries in order to maintain their competitiveness in the international market and the momentum of rapid economic growth.