在三百多年以前,人們已經發現了光學顯微鏡。由於人們不斷的鑽研和改進,现在的光學顯微鏡已經能够把微小的物體放大到1000—2000倍了左右,它可以使我們觀察到大小在0.00002厘米左右的顆粒。我們在顯微鏡裏能够看見的最小微粒的大小,叫做顯微鏡的‘鑑別距離”。所以目前光學顯微鏡能够達到的鑑別距離大約是0.00002厘米或0.2微米。現在我們要問,我們是否可能使光學顯微鏡的鑑别距離再小一些,也就是使它的鑑别力再大一些呢?要回答這个问題,我們必須簡單的來談一下光的波動性質。大家都知道,當平行光線穿過狹縫的時候,如果縫是相當的狹,那末在缝后面屏幕上出現 More than 300 years ago, people have discovered optical microscopes. As people continue to study and improve, and now the optical microscope has been able to enlarge the tiny objects to about 1000-2000 times, it allows us to observe the size of particles of about 0.00002 cm. The smallest particle size that we can see in a microscope is called the ’discrimination distance’ of a microscope, so the distance that an optical microscope can reach today is about 0.00002 cm or 0.2 μm. Now we need to ask if it is possible for us to make the difference between an optical microscope Do not distance a little smaller, that is to make it more discriminating force? To answer this question, we must briefly talk about the nature of light fluctuations.As we all know, when the parallel light through the slit If the seam is rather narrow, then appear behind the seam on the screen