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目的：研究豚鼠耳蜗核γ－氨基丁酸（ＧＡＢＡ）免疫反应阳性结构的分布及与谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）阳性神经元的关系．方法：采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ和ＰＡＰ双标染色技术．结果：ＧＡＢＡ阳性神经元主要分布在耳蜗背侧核的浅层，多呈圆形．根据胞体的直径，可分成大、中、小三类．ＧＡＢＡ免疫反应阳性纤维和终末见于整个耳蜗核．阳性纤维呈网状、较细、无膨体，阳性终末呈点状．在耳蜗腹侧核，ＧＡＢＡ阳性的点状终末常常包绕未标记的神经元胞体，而这些神经元胞体经再次ＰＡＰ法染色，表明为Ｇｌｕ免疫反应阳性神经元．结论：①ＧＡＢＡ是耳蜗核的一种神经递质；②其在耳蜗腹侧核，可能与Ｇｌｕ阳性神经元胞体及近体树突接触，对Ｇｌｕ能神经元可能具有直接的抑制作用．
Objective: To investigate the distribution of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactive positive structure in guinea pig cochlear nucleus and its relationship with glutamate (Glu) positive neurons. Methods: Immunohistochemical ABC and PAP double staining techniques were used. Results: GABA positive neurons mainly distributed in the superficial layers of the dorsal nucleus of the cochlea, mostly round. According to the diameter of the cell body, can be divided into large, medium and small three categories. GABA-immunoreactive fibers and terminals are found throughout the entire cochlear nucleus. Positive fibers were reticular, thin, no bulge, the positive terminal was punctate. In the ventral nucleus of the cochlea, GABA-positive punctate terminals often surround the unlabeled neuronal soma and these neuronal soma are re-PAP-stained to indicate Glu immunoreactive neurons. Conclusion: GABA is a neurotransmitter in the cochlear nucleus; ② It contacts with Glu-positive neurons and near-body dendrites in the ventral nucleus of cochlea, and may directly inhibit Glu neurons.