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目前,我国人口已达九亿多,即将突破十亿大关.严格控制人口增长,是我国当前一项刻不客缓的任务.人口问题是一个全面性的社会问题,它是由一定社会生产方式决定的.按照历史唯物主义的原理,人口数量多少,密度大小,增长快慢,虽然不是决定社会发展的主要力量,但是“它促进或者延缓社会的发展”(斯大林:《列宁主义问题》第644页).新中国成立后,在人口问题上,学术界曾有过大辩论,一些有远见的学者、专家,早在五十年代初期就对我国人口问题发表过不少宝贵意见,提出了中肯的建议.例如马寅初的《新人口论》,吴景超的《中国人口问题新论》等,都认为我国人口出生率的增长影响着我国的社会主义积累,主张节制生育,反对人口迅速增长.现在,我们认为,我国人口不仅要减慢增长速度,而且应该把人口自然增长率从正数增长变为零或负数发展,然后长期稳定在一个适宜的数字上,才能适应四个现代化的需要.
At present, China has a population of more than 900 million and will soon exceed the one billion mark. Strict control of population growth is a momentous task in our country. Population issue is a comprehensive social issue, which is caused by certain social production According to the principle of historical materialism, although population size, density, and growth rate are not the major forces that determine social development, they “promote or delay social development” (Stalin: Leninism, No. 644 After the founding of new China, on the issue of population, there have been major debates in academia. Some far-sighted scholars and experts made valuable comments on China’s population as early as the early 1950s and put forward pertinent suggestions For example, Ma Yinchu’s New Population Theory and Wu Jingchao’s New Theory of Population Issue all consider that the growth of the birthrate in China affects the accumulation of socialism in our country, advocates the control of childbearing and opposes the rapid growth of the population.Now, we They think that our population should not only slow down its growth rate but also change its natural population growth rate from a positive growth rate to zero or negative development and then long-term stability in one A suitable number, in order to meet the needs of the four modernizations.