至今,社会上甚至水利行业有不少人仍存在着这样一种观点,认为水土保持措施拦蓄了降水,减少了水库的水源,不利于水库效益的发挥,甚至认为不应在库区的上中游搞水土保持。对这一观点应如何正确认识呢? 一、此观点存在明显的片面性 水库对中下游的防洪减灾、灌溉效益的发挥具有不可替代的作用,这是公认的。但对上中游的山丘区而言,一般却无利可图;上中游的水土保持不但可以改善山丘区的生态环境和生产条件,促进当地经济持续稳定发展,而且对中下游的防洪减灾会产生积极作用,这又是水库所不可替代的。可见,水土保持与水库并无根本性的利害冲突,其根本目的是一致的,都在于兴利除害,都是江河治理不可缺少的重要措施,只是针对的对象不同而已。水土保持偏重于流域的上中游,水库则侧重于 So far, many people in the society and even in the water conservancy sector still hold the view that water and soil conservation measures have trapped precipitation and reduced water resources in reservoirs, which is not conducive to the effective use of reservoirs. They even think it should not be implemented in the upper and middle reaches of the reservoir area Soil and water conservation. How to correctly understand this view? First, there is an obvious one-sidedness in this view that reservoirs have an irreplaceable role in flood control and disaster reduction and irrigation benefit play in the middle and lower reaches. It is generally acknowledged. However, it is generally unprofitable for the upper and middle reaches of the hilly area. Soil and water conservation in the upper and middle reaches can not only improve the ecological environment and production conditions in the hilly areas, but also promote the sustained and steady development of the local economy. In addition, flood control and disaster mitigation Will have a positive effect, which in turn is irreplaceable reservoir. It can be seen that there is no fundamental conflict of interest between water and soil conservation and reservoirs. The fundamental purpose of these two conflicts is that all are based on the principle of “promoting the development of benefits and removing harmful effects”, all of which are indispensable and important measures for the management of the rivers. They are only aimed at different targets. Soil and water conservation focuses on the upper and middle reaches of the basin while reservoirs focus on