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[目的]研究秸秆还田对小麦、玉米一年两熟制下淮北地区砂姜黑土微生物量氮、土壤氮素养分及土壤酶活性的影响,同时探索发展低碳农业、构建资源节约型和环境友好型农业,为实现粮食生产的可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]通过多年的田间定位试验,并且结合室内分析。[结果]小麦、玉米秸秆能显著提高土壤的全氮含量、土壤脲酶活性和土壤微生物量氮含量。与对照相比,小麦、玉米秸秆还田不施肥处理在2010年小麦播种期、拔节期、开花期、灌浆期、成熟期和2011年玉米播种期、拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期、灌浆期、收获期土壤脲酶的活性增幅分别为21.93%、4.92%、35.88%、4.71%、21.79%、0.99%、31.52%、21.77%、8.52%、3.74%、12.89%,小麦、玉米秸秆还田加施肥能显著提高土壤脲酶活性。小麦、玉米秸秆还田不施肥处理的土壤微生物量氮含量比单独施肥处理高出19.32%。[结论]秸秆还田是提高土壤微生物量氮的关键因素。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of straw returning on microbial biomass nitrogen and soil nitrogen and soil enzyme activities in the conch environment in Huaibei area under the condition of wheat and corn being cooked twice a year. At the same time, it explored the development of low-carbon agriculture, resource conservation and environment Friendly agriculture, to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of grain production. [Method] Through years of field experiment, combined with indoor analysis. [Result] Wheat and corn stalks could significantly increase soil total nitrogen content, soil urease activity and soil microbial biomass nitrogen content. Compared with the control, wheat, corn stalks without fertilization treatment in 2010 wheat sowing, jointing, flowering, grain filling, maturity and 2011 corn sowing, jointing, bell mouth, silking The activity of soil urease at the filling and harvesting stages was 21.93%, 4.92%, 35.88%, 4.71%, 21.79%, 0.99%, 31.52%, 21.77%, 8.52%, 3.74% and 12.89% Soil fertility can significantly increase soil urease activity. The content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen of wheat and corn stalks without fertilization was 19.32% higher than that of fertilization alone. [Conclusion] Straw returning was the key factor to increase soil microbial biomass nitrogen.