报道一种模拟中子管工作状态的实验装置和方法；可以在动真空和静真空条件下较准确地选择中子管关键部件的尺寸，为中子管的研制提供可靠的实验数据． The experimental apparatus and method for simulating the working state of neutron tube are reported. The dimensions of the key components of the neutron tube can be selected more accurately under the conditions of dynamic vacuum and static vacuum, which can provide reliable experimental data for the development of the neutron tube.