目的 :探讨内镜检查在食管癌诊断、疗效判定及预后估计中的价值。方法 :内镜检查及病理学证实食管癌6 0 3例、手术与病理学证实的食管癌 98例镜下特点 ,性别、年龄、职业、浸润程度及淋巴结转移等进行分析。结果 :6 0 3例食管癌中 ,男 42 5例 ,女 178例。 41～ 70岁 ,占总检出数的 92 .0 4%。农民 89.72 %。中、晚期食管癌髓质型、蕈伞型、溃疡型、缩窄型分别为 6 8.41%、17.40 %、10 .78%、2 .2 0 %。鳞癌 89.5 5 % ,腺癌 10 .12 % ,病变在 3cm以下、3.1cm～ 5cm、5cm以上者侵及外层者分别为 2 9.6 3%、6 0 .71%、87.5 0 %。髓质型、蕈伞型、溃疡型、缩窄型侵及外层者分别为 10 0 %、40 .82 %、6 4.0 0 %、10 0 %。鳞癌、腺癌侵及外层者分别为 47.6 7%、45 .45 %。结论 :内镜检查是确诊食管癌的主要手段 ,结合镜下特点和组织学类型 ,可以初步判断食管癌的浸润深度、范围及预后 ,有助于拟定确切的治疗方案 Objective: To investigate the value of endoscopy in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, efficacy and prognosis. Methods: Endoscopy and pathology confirmed esophageal cancer in 603 cases, and 98 cases of esophageal cancer confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed microscopically, gender, age, occupation, degree of infiltration and lymph node metastasis. Results: Of the 603 cases of esophageal cancer, there were 425 males and 178 females. 41 to 70 years old, accounting for 92.04% of the total number. 89.72% of farmers. Median and advanced esophageal cancer medulla type, fungoid type, ulcer type, narrow type were 6 8.41%, 17.40%, 10.78%, 2.20%. 89.5% of squamous cell carcinoma, 10.12% of adenocarcinoma, lesions of less than 3 cm, 3.1 cm to 5 cm, and more than 5 cm invaded the outer layer were 9.63%, 60.71% and 87.5% respectively. Medulla type, mycotaxus type, ulcer type, constriction type and invasion of the outer layer were 10%, 40.82%, 6 4.0 0%, 100%. Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma invading the outer layer were 47.6 7%, 45.45%. Conclusion: Endoscopy is the main means of diagnosing esophageal cancer. Combined with the microscopic features and histological types, the depth, extent and prognosis of esophageal cancer can be preliminarily determined, which is helpful to formulate the exact treatment plan