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急性心肌梗死后新发心房颤动（new-onset atrial fibrillation，NOAF）是心肌梗死后常见的心律失常，其发病率为5％～23％。多项临床研究已证实 NOAF 能显著提高患者住院期间及出院后的长期死亡率。本文就近年来关于急性心肌梗死后 NOAF 的发病机制及风险预测方法的文献进行综述。目前针对这类心律失常的治疗仍缺乏足够的循证医学证据，而这对 NO-AF 的预防工作显得尤为重要；其中了解其病理生理机制，掌握尽早识别这类心律失常高危患者的方法成为预防工作的关键。“,”New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF)after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a kind of arrhythmia commonly seen after myocardial infarction,with an incidence rate ranging from 5% to 23%.It has been verified by several clinical research that NOAF can significantly increase the mor-tality during hospitalization of AMI patients or out-of-hospital long-term risk of death.This paper re-views the pathogenic mechanisms of NOAF after AMI and risk prediction methods in recent years. At present,there is still no enough evidence of evidence-based medicine for the treatment of this kind of arrhythmia,which is especially important for the prevention of NOAF.It is critical for its prevention to understand its pathophysiological mechanism and thus to master the method for identif-ying the high-risk patients as early as possible.