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目的了解长沙市成人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状及其危险因素,发现高危人群,以利于制定高血压防控策略,有效利用卫生资源。方法本次研究依托于2013-2014年长沙市各区县(芙蓉区、天心区、开福区、浏阳市、宁乡县)分别进行的主要慢性病基线调查,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对年龄>18岁常住居民进行流行病学调查。采用二元Logistic回归分析进行多因素分析。结果长沙市高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为32.79%、63.71%、56.80%和22.47%,标化后的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为22.53%、47.61%、39.13%和15.27%。农村高血压患病率高于城区(35.41%比29.84%),但知晓率(55.20%比75.10%)、治疗率(49.25%比66.92%)和控制率(14.14%比33.62%)低于城区。年龄、农村居民、血糖、中心性肥胖、超重和肥胖是高血压患病率的危险因素。农村居民、血糖和饮酒是高血压控制率低的危险因素。结论长沙市居民高血压患病率高,但知晓率、治疗率和控制率低,对于农村居民而言,这种趋势更为明显。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate in adult population in Changsha City and its risk factors, and to find out the risk groups in order to facilitate the development of hypertension prevention and control strategies and make effective use of health resources. Methods The research was based on the baseline survey of major chronic diseases conducted in each district of Changsha City (Furong District, Tianxin District, Kaifu District, Liuyang City, Ningxiang County) from 2013 to 2014. The study was conducted on a multistage cluster random sampling method Epidemiological survey of residents over 18 years of age. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results The prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in Changsha were 32.79%, 63.71%, 56.80% and 22.47% respectively. The prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension after standardization were respectively 22.53%, 47.61%, 39.13% and 15.27% respectively. The prevalence rate of hypertension in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (35.41% vs 29.84%), but the awareness rate (55.20% vs 75.10%), treatment rate (49.25% vs 66.92%) and control rate (14.14% vs 33.62% . Age, rural resident, blood sugar, central obesity, overweight and obesity are risk factors for the prevalence of hypertension. Rural residents, blood sugar and alcohol consumption are risk factors for low rates of hypertension control. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in Changsha is high, but the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate are low, which is more obvious for rural residents.