儿童慢性乙型肝炎患者在免疫活动期即应开始抗病毒治疗。儿童抗病毒治疗策略有限,大多数情况下首选干扰素,但须注意个体化治疗,并警惕不良反应的发生。目前可用的核苷(酸)类似物不是首选治疗,在不能使用干扰素的儿童,肝功能迅速恶化,失代偿期肝病或接受免疫抑制或细胞毒素化疗等情况下的特殊儿童可以首选,但一旦产生HBV耐药会严重影响儿童当前和未来的治疗。干扰素联合核苷(酸)类似物治疗儿童的策略取得了较单一治疗更好的疗效,但须进一步开展相关研究。 Children with chronic hepatitis B should start antiviral therapy during the immunization period. Children have antiviral treatment strategies are limited, in most cases the preferred choice of interferon, but should pay attention to individualized treatment, and be alert to the occurrence of adverse reactions. Currently available nucleoside (acid) analogues are not the preferred treatment, and may be preferred in children who can not use interferon, with worsening liver function, decompensated liver disease, or with special children receiving immunosuppressive or cytotoxic chemotherapy Once HBV resistance is produced, the current and future treatment of children will be severely affected. Interferon combined nucleoside (acid) analogue treatment of children has achieved better than a single treatment efficacy, but to carry out further research.