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为了解腹泻病的流行特征及临床治疗现状,为制定控制对策提供科学依据,作者对1998年就诊的1046例腹泻病人进行了调查分析。结果发现存在以下特点:①发病以腹泻、腹痛为主要临床表现,急性肠炎病人占78.20％,其中嗜盐菌食物中毒病人占领12.35％,并引起局部爆发。②以散居儿童和农民发病率最高,分别占36.33％和33.75％且具有明显的季节性,7、8、9月为发病最高期。③病例以门诊治疗为主,占90.34％(945/1046)。滥用抗生素的现象较普遍,平均为95.03％,平均静脉输液率为69.22％。调查提示:加强对重点人群的预防措施和采取正确的治疗方法是个不容忽视的重要问题。
In order to understand the epidemiology and clinical treatment of diarrheal diseases and provide a scientific basis for the development of control strategies, the author conducted a survey and analysis of 1046 cases of diarrhea patients treated in 1998. The results found that the following characteristics: ① incidence of diarrhea, abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestations, acute enteritis accounted for 78.20% of patients, of which halophilic food poisoning accounted for 12.35% of patients and caused a local outbreak. ② The highest incidence was found in scattered children and peasants, accounting for 36.33% and 33.75%, respectively, with obvious seasonality. The highest incidence was found in July, August and September. ③ The cases were mainly outpatient treatment, accounting for 90.34% (945/1046). Abuse of antibiotics is more common, with an average of 95.03%, the average rate of intravenous infusion was 69.22%. The survey suggests that strengthening prevention measures for key populations and adopting proper treatment methods are important issues that can not be ignored.