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胚胎干细胞是能在体外培养中保持自我更新和多分化潜能的细胞。因此,牛胚胎干细胞系是基因工程、治疗性克隆、发育生物学、人类疾病动物模型研究的良好实验载体。公认的胚胎干细胞系已在小鼠和灵长类动物中建立。虽然关于牛类胚胎干细胞的报道也已有不少,但是真正的牛胚胎干细胞建系尚未获得成功。本文将综述当前牛胚胎干细胞建系的研究进展并对其中存在的问题,如胚胎分离胎龄、牛胚胎干细胞识别与鉴定、培养条件和与分化相关细胞因子和信号通路等,进行探讨并提出可能采取的解决办法。
Embryonic stem cells are cells that retain the potential for self-renewal and differentiation in vitro. Therefore, bovine embryonic stem cell line is a good experimental vector for animal model research of genetic engineering, therapeutic cloning, developmental biology and human disease. Well-recognized embryonic stem cell lines have been established in mice and primates. Although there have been many reports on bovine embryonic stem cells, the true establishment of bovine embryonic stem cells has not been successful. This article will review the current research progress of bovine embryonic stem cell lineage, and discuss its existing problems such as embryo separation, identification and identification of bovine embryonic stem cells, culture conditions and differentiation-related cytokines and signaling pathways Taken the solution.