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首次报道湘西武陵山地永顺县发现国家一级保护植物落叶木莲,分布区地理位置在110°18″E、28°55″N的武陵山脉西北部沅水支流酉水流域,面积2 000 hm2。多呈散生分布,稀有小面积群落,成年大树有5 000余株,胸径5 cm以下幼树及小苗有20 000余株。地带性植被为中亚热带常绿阔叶林,落叶木莲群落属常绿与落叶阔叶混交林,分布在海拔400~900 m的山坡中下部,主要有枫香、野漆树、落叶木莲和甜槠、星毛石栎、落叶木莲等群落类型。此前,落叶木莲仅分布在江西幕阜山地宜春市明月山,是木兰科木莲属极度濒危的唯一一个落叶树种,对探讨被子植物的起源和木兰科的系统演化有重要的科学意义。落叶木莲抗寒性较强,花淡黄色,树形美观,早期速生,具有较高的观赏和实用价值。
For the first time, Yonglian County, Wuling Mountain in western Hunan Province, was found to have the national first-level protected plant deciduous tree lotus. The distribution area is located in the unitary watershed of the Yuanshui tributary of northwestern Wuling Mountains at 110 ° 18 “E and 28 ° 55” N with an area of 2 000 hm 2 . Most were scattered distribution of rare small area of the community, there are more than 5,000 adult trees, saplings 5 cm below the saplings and seedlings have more than 20 strains. The zonal vegetation is mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, and the deciduous tree is an evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest distributed in the middle and lower slopes of 400 ~ 900 m above sea level, mainly including Liquidambar formosana, Sweet 槠, aster oak, deciduous tree and other community types. Previously, the leaves were only distributed in Mingyueshan, Yichun City, Mufu Mountain, Jiangxi Province. They were the only deciduous tree species of Magnoliaceae. It is of important scientific significance to explore the origin of angiosperm and the phylogeny of Magnoliaceae. Deciduous hardwood cold strong, light yellow, beautiful tree, early fast-growing, with high ornamental and practical value.