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一般情况下,姓名是对自然人的指称,其决定与变更都属于私人事务,但姓名在进行社会管理以及保证交易安全上也同样具有重要意义。因而,世界各个国家和地区都将姓氏与名字的决定、变更作为重要的立法内容,同时由于姓氏与名字在社会意义和法律意义上存在着一定的差异,一般都将姓氏和名字分别规定在人格法和亲属法当中。但是在我国学术界一直将姓氏和名字混为一谈,并将姓氏的决定与变更也解释为人格权,这不仅仅是混淆了姓氏与名字的法律属性,同时也造成了我国在立法以及司法实务当中对姓氏问题处理的混乱。因此,笔者从姓氏权与姓名权的差异入手,对姓氏权的法律性质进行分析解读,进而提出有关的立法建议,规范我国的姓氏立法。
Under normal circumstances, the name is the allegation of natural persons, its decisions and changes belong to the private sector, but the name in the social management and to ensure transaction security is also of great significance. Therefore, all countries and regions in the world regard the surname and name decisions and changes as their important legislative contents. Since the surnames and names have certain social and legal meanings, the surnames and names are generally defined in personality Law and relatives among them. However, in our country, academia has always confused surnames and surnames and also explained the decision and change of surnames as the right of personality, which not only confused the legal attributes of surnames and names, but also caused our country’s legislative and judicial practice Confusion over the handling of surnames. Therefore, the author starts from the difference between the surname right and the name right, analyzes and interprets the legal nature of the surname right, then puts forward the relevant legislative suggestions and regulates our country’s surname legislation.