矿业在世界上许多国家,特别是在苏联、美国、加拿大、南斯拉夫、波兰和其它国家的国民经济中占极为重要的地位。采矿产品为矿物原料和燃料,它们是发展冶金、能源、化工、建筑、运输和农业的原料和经济基础。矿物原料占净生产成本的比例:低时为10—15％(农业),高时可达40—60％(冶金、能源)。从自然资源总量来看,经济上高度发达国 Mining is of paramount importance in the national economy of many countries in the world, especially in the Soviet Union, the United States, Canada, Yugoslavia, Poland and other countries. Mining products are mineral raw materials and fuels, which are the raw material and economic basis for the development of metallurgy, energy, chemicals, construction, transport and agriculture. The ratio of mineral raw materials to net production costs: 10-15% at low (agricultural) and 40-60% at high (metallurgy, energy). From the total amount of natural resources, economically highly developed countries