Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) hold tremendous potentials due to their high-power performance and excellent cycle stability. However, the practical use of EDLCs is limited by the low energy density in aqueous electrolyte and sluggish diffusion kinetics in organic or/and ionic liquids electrolyte. Herein, 3D carbon frameworks (3DCFs) constructed by interconnected nanocages (10-20 nm) with an ultrathin wall of ca. 2 nm have been fabricated, which possess high specific surface area, hierarchical porosity and good conductive network. After deoxidization, the deoxidized 3DCF (3DCFDO) exhibits a record low IR drop of 0.064 V at 100 A g-1 and ultrafast charge/discharge rate up to 10 V s-1. The related device can be charged up to 77.4％ of its maximum capacitance in 0.65 s at 100 A g-1 in 6 M KOH. It has been found that the 3DCF-DO has a great affinity to EMIMBF4, resulting in a high specific capacitance of 174 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, and a high energy density of 34 Wh kg-1 at an ultrahigh power density of 150 kW kg-1 at 4 V after a fast charge in 1.11 s. This work provides a facile fabrication of novel 3D carbon frameworks for supercapacitors with ultrafast charge/discharge rate and high energy-power density.