一、前言光合作用和固氮,是两个重要的生物过程,长久以来就引起化学工作者的注意。大气中的分子氮通过生物固氮或工业合成氨是地球上合成含氮化合物的唯一来源,而CO_2则是所有有生命物质的唯一碳源。生物固氮和光合作用是地球上提供生命的两大过程,化学工作者正在努力创造类似的纯化学过程来模似光合作用和生物固氮。现在在有机合成上应用CO_2的只有尿素合成、Kolbe-Schmitt合成水杨酸等,范围很 I. INTRODUCTION Photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation are two important biological processes that have long drawn chemists’ attention. Molecular nitrogen in the atmosphere is the only source of synthetic nitrogen compounds on Earth by biological nitrogen fixation or industrial ammonia synthesis, while CO 2 is the only carbon source for all living matter. Biological nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis are two major processes that provide life on Earth. Chemists are working to create similar pure chemical processes to model photosynthesis and biological nitrogen fixation. Now in the organic synthesis of CO_2 only urea synthesis, Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis of salicylic acid, etc., a very