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我省茶树病虫害基本特点:来源多、种类多;借苗传布广;年为害期较长;上升、回升较快;环境差异大。常年以不同形式影响茶叶产量的总损失率还在30％以上、品质的总减值率在20％以上。展望肥管、垦建、苗木、品种、生态环境等分析发展趋势,埔类、叶蝉类、叶枯病等仍为主要,对多食性的虫害暴发应注意。展望单产量、值、纯收益水平,应低成本地逐步把产量总损失率及品质总减值率都压低到10％以下,争取5％以下。根据茶叶生产特点等落实“预防为主,综合防治”植保方针,在防治方法上应是:通过“非毒杀”方法与检疫等为主体的综合防治,达到不用或少用有毒农药。应注重发展在大面积茶园的生物防治,培育“不带病虫害”的苗木和实行检疫,积极利用灯光诱杀害虫;选用低毒、低残留农药也应尽可能掌握在“非采茶期”,应认真注意避免污染制茶。展望茶叶植保科技水平,应采取积极措施逐步达到:摸清各县、社(场)、队病虫害及有益生物资源基本情况;预测预报内容准、时间早、对象多、范围广;技术手段适应调查研究、测报、防治等质量、效率的提高。设想了基地县、社(场)、队的茶叶植保科技组织、人员配备、队伍建设等及一些日益迫切的措施。
The basic characteristics of the tea plant diseases and insect pests in our province: more sources, more types; spread widely through the seedlings; longer damage period; rise, pick up faster; environmental differences. The perennial loss of tea in different forms affects the total loss rate is still above 30%, the total quality of the impairment rate of 20% or more. Looking forward to the development trend of fertilizer management, cultivation and construction, seedling, variety and ecological environment, the main types of the species are Poaceae, leafhoppers and leaf blight, and should pay attention to the outbreak of multi-feeding pests. Looking forward to single output, value and net income level, we should gradually reduce the total output loss rate and the total quality impairment rate below 10% at a low cost and strive for below 5%. According to the characteristics of tea production and implementation of the “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and cure” policy of plant protection, in the prevention and treatment methods should be: through the “non-toxic kill” method and quarantine as the main integrated control, to achieve no or less toxic pesticides. Should focus on the development of biological control in a large area of tea plantations, nurturing “no pests and diseases” of the seedlings and the implementation of quarantine and actively use light to trap pests; selection of low toxicity, low residue pesticides should also be as possible in the “non-picking period” should Careful attention to avoid pollution of tea. Looking forward to the level of tea plant protection science and technology, should take positive measures to gradually achieve: find out the county, community (field), plant diseases and insect pests and beneficial biological resources of the basic situation; predictive content of the prospective, early, targeted, wide range of technical means to adapt to the survey Research, measuring, prevention and treatment of quality, efficiency improvement. Imagine the base county, community (field) team tea plant protection technology organization, staffing, team building, and some increasingly pressing measures.